The Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020

The Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts

Release Date: January 2020

(New Edition Launching October 2022)

Number of Pages: 1,287

Number of Tables and Figures: 287

Synopsis

With the standardization of features such as MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) services and URLCC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications) by the 3GPP, LTE and 5G NR (New Radio) networks are rapidly gaining recognition as an all-inclusive critical communications platform for the delivery of both mission and business critical applications.

By providing authority over wireless coverage and capacity, private LTE and 5G networks ensure guaranteed and secure connectivity, while supporting a wide range of applications – ranging from PTT group communications and real-time video delivery to wireless control and automation in industrial environments. Organizations across the critical communications and industrial IoT (Internet of Things) domains – including public safety agencies, militaries, utilities, oil & gas companies, mining groups, railway & port operators, manufacturers and industrial giants – are making sizeable investments in private LTE networks.

The very first private 5G networks are also beginning to be deployed to serve a diverse array of usage scenarios spanning from connected factory robotics and massive-scale sensor networking to the control of AVGs (Automated Guided Vehicles) and AR/VR (Augmented & Virtual Reality). For example, Daimler's Mercedes-Benz Cars division is establishing a local 5G network to support automobile production processes at its "Factory 56" in Sindelfingen, while the KMA (Korea Military Academy) is installing a dedicated 5G network in its northern Seoul campus to facilitate mixed reality-based military training programs – with a primary focus on shooting and tactical simulations.

In addition, with the emergence of neutral-host small cells, multi-operator connectivity and unlicensed/shared spectrum access schemes, the use of private LTE and 5G networks in enterprise buildings, campuses and public venues is expected to grow significantly over the coming years. The practicality of spectrum sharing schemes such as the three-tiered CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service) framework and Japan's unlicensed sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform) has already been proven with initial rollouts in locations such as corporate campuses, golf courses, race tracks, stadiums, airports and warehouses.

A number of independent neutral-host and wholesale operators are also stepping up with pioneering business models to provide LTE and 5G connectivity services to both mobile operators and enterprises, particularly in indoor settings and locations where it is technically or economically not feasible for traditional operators to deliver substantial wireless coverage and capacity.

Expected to reach $4.7 Billion in annual spending by the end of 2020, private LTE and 5G networks are increasingly becoming the preferred approach to deliver wireless connectivity for critical communications, industrial IoT, enterprise & campus environments, and public venues. The market will further grow at a CAGR of 19% between 2020 and 2023, eventually accounting for nearly $8 Billion by the end of 2023.

SNS Telecom & IT estimates that as much as 30% of these investments – approximately $2.5 Billion – will be directed towards the build-out of private 5G networks which will become preferred wireless connectivity medium to support the ongoing Industry 4.0 revolution for the automation and digitization of factories, warehouses, ports and other industrial premises, in addition to serving other verticals.

The “Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts” report presents an in-depth assessment of the private LTE and 5G network ecosystem including market drivers, challenges, enabling technologies, vertical market opportunities, applications, key trends, standardization, spectrum availability/allocation, regulatory landscape, deployment case studies, opportunities, future roadmap, value chain, ecosystem player profiles and strategies. The report also presents forecasts for private LTE and 5G network infrastructure investments from 2020 till 2030. The forecasts cover three submarkets, two air interface technologies, 10 vertical markets and six regions.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report.

Pricing

The report is available for the following price:

Single User License: USD 2,500
Company Wide License: USD 3,500

Purchase/Sample Request

To request a sample or to purchase the report, please contact info@snstelecom.com

Key Findings

The report has the following key findings:

Expected to reach $4.7 Billion in annual spending by the end of 2020, private LTE and 5G networks are increasingly becoming the preferred approach to deliver wireless connectivity for critical communications, industrial IoT, enterprise & campus environments, and public venues. The market will further grow at a CAGR of 19% between 2020 and 2023, eventually accounting for nearly $8 Billion by the end of 2023.
SNS Telecom & IT estimates that as much as 30% of these investments – approximately $2.5 Billion – will be directed towards the build-out of private 5G networks which will become preferred wireless connectivity medium to support the ongoing Industry 4.0 revolution for the automation of factories, warehouses, ports and other industrial premises, besides serving additional verticals.
Favorable spectrum licensing regimes – such as the German Government's decision to reserve frequencies in the 3.7 – 3.8 GHz range for localized 5G networks – will be central to the successful adoption of private 5G networks.
A number of other countries – including Sweden, United Kingdom, Japan, Hong Kong and Australia – are also moving forward with their plans to identify and allocate spectrum for localized, private 5G networks with a primary focus on the 3.7 GHz, 26 GHz and 28 GHz frequency bands.
The very first private 5G networks are also beginning to be deployed to serve a diverse array of usage scenarios spanning from connected factory robotics and massive-scale sensor networking to the control of AVGs (Automated Guided Vehicles) and AR/VR (Augmented & Virtual Reality).
For example, Daimler's Mercedes-Benz Cars division is establishing a local 5G network to support automobile production processes at its "Factory 56" in Sindelfingen, while the KMA (Korea Military Academy) is installing a dedicated 5G network in its northern Seoul campus to facilitate mixed reality-based military training programs – with a primary focus on shooting and tactical simulations.
The private LTE network submarket is well-established with operational deployments across multiple segments of the critical communications and industrial IoT (Internet of Things) industry, as well as enterprise buildings, campuses and public venues. China alone has hundreds of small to medium scale private LTE networks, extending from single site systems through to city-wide networks – predominantly to support police forces, local authorities, power utilities, railways, metro systems, airports and maritime ports.
Private LTE networks are expected to continue their upward trajectory beyond 2020, with a spate of ongoing and planned network rollouts – from nationwide public safety broadband networks to usage scenarios as diverse as putting LTE-based communications infrastructure on the Moon.
In addition to the high-profile FirstNet, South Korea’s Safe-Net, Britain’s ESN (Emergency Services Network) nationwide public safety LTE network projects, a number of other national-level engagements have recently come to light – most notably, the Royal Thai Police’s LTE network which is already operational in the greater Bangkok region, Finland's VIRVE 2.0 mission-critical mobile broadband service, France's PCSTORM critical communications broadband project, and Russia's planned secure 450 MHz LTE network for police forces, emergency services and the national guard.
Other segments within the critical communications industry have also seen growth in the adoption of private LTE networks – with recent investments focused on mining, port and factory automation, deployable broadband systems for military communications, mission-critical voice, broadband and train control applications for railways and metro systems, ATG (Air-to-Ground) and airport surface wireless connectivity for aviation, field area networks for utilities, and maritime LTE platforms for vessels and offshore energy assets.
In the coming months and years, we expect to see significant activity in the 1.9 GHz sXGP, 3.5 GHz CBRS, 5 GHz and other unlicensed/shared spectrum bands to support the operation of private LTE and 5G networks across a range of environments, particularly enterprise buildings, campuses, public venues, factories and warehouses.
Leveraging their extensive spectrum assets and mobile networking expertise combined with a growing focus on vertical industries, mobile operators are continuing to retain a strong foothold in the wider private LTE and 5G network ecosystem – with active involvement in projects ranging from large-scale nationwide public safety LTE networks to highly localized 5G networks for industrial environments.
A number of independent neutral-host and wholesale operators are also stepping up with pioneering business models to provide LTE and 5G connectivity services to both mobile operators and enterprises. For example, using strategically acquired 2.6 GHz and 3.6 GHz spectrum licenses, Airspan's operating company Dense Air plans to provide wholesale wireless connectivity in Ireland, Belgium, Portugal, New Zealand and Australia.
Cross-industry partnerships are becoming more commonplace as LTE/5G network equipment suppliers wrestle to gain ground in key vertical domains. For example, Nokia has partnered with Komatsu, Sandvik, Konecranes and Kalmar to develop tailored private LTE and 5G network solutions for the mining and transportation industries.

Topics Covered

The report covers the following topics:

Private LTE and 5G network ecosystem
Market drivers and barriers
System architecture and key elements of private LTE and 5G networks
Analysis of vertical markets and applications – ranging from mobile broadband and mission-critical voice to domain-specific applications such as CBTC (Communications-Based Train Control) and connected robotics for factory automation
Operational models for private LTE and 5G networks including independent, managed, shared core, hybrid commercial-private and private MVNO networks
Mission-critical PTT/video/data services, deployable LTE/5G systems, cellular IoT, TSN (Time Sensitive Networking), URLLC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications) techniques, quantum cryptography, unlicensed/shared spectrum, neutral-host/multi-operator small cells, network slicing, MEC (Multi-Access Edge Computing) and other enabling technologies
Key trends including the adoption of local and shared spectrum licensing, commercial readiness of private 5G systems for Industry 4.0, nationwide and city-wide public safety broadband network build-outs, regional mission/business-critical LTE networks for utilities and energy companies, localized private LTE/5G networks for railway infrastructure, ports, airports, mines, factories, warehouses, buildings, campuses and public venues, and pioneering neutral-host business models for enterprise and public wireless connectivity.
Review of private LTE and 5G network engagements worldwide, including case studies of more than 40 live networks
Spectrum availability, allocation and usage for private LTE and 5G networks across the global, regional and national regulatory domains
Standardization, regulatory and collaborative initiatives
Future roadmap and value chain
Profiles and strategies of over 600 ecosystem players including LTE/5G network infrastructure suppliers and vertical-domain specialists
Strategic recommendations for end users, LTE/5G network infrastructure suppliers, system integrators and commercial/private mobile operators
Market analysis and forecasts from 2020 till 2030

Forecast Segmentation

Market forecasts are provided for each of the following submarkets and their subcategories:

Submarkets
- RAN (Radio Access Network)
- Mobile Core
- Backhaul & Transport
Air Interface Technologies
- LTE
- 5G
Spectrum Types
- Licensed Spectrum
- Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum
Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Frequency Bands
- 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT
- 2.4 GHz
- 3.5 GHz CBRS
- 5 GHz
- Other Bands
Vertical Markets
- Critical Communications & Industrial IoT
  - Public Safety
  - Military
  - Energy
  - Utilities
  - Mining
  - Transportation
  - Factories & Warehouses
  - Others
- Enterprise & Campus Environments
- Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts
Regional Markets
- Asia Pacific
- Eastern Europe
- Latin & Central America
- Middle East & Africa
- North America
- Western Europe

Key Questions Answered

The report provides answers to the following key questions:

How big is the private LTE and 5G network opportunity?
What trends, drivers and barriers are influencing its growth?
How is the ecosystem evolving by segment and region?
What will the market size be in 2023, and at what rate will it grow?
Which vertical markets and regions will see the highest percentage of growth?
What is the status of private LTE and 5G network adoption worldwide, and what are the primary usage scenarios of these networks?
What are the practical applications of private 5G networks – based on early commercial rollouts and pilot deployments?
How are private LTE and 5G networks delivering broadband and IoT connectivity for smart cities in areas such as public safety, transportation, utilities, waste management and environmental monitoring?
What are the existing and candidate licensed, unlicensed and shared spectrum bands for the operation of private LTE and 5G networks?
How will CBRS, sXGP, MulteFire and other unlicensed/shared spectrum access schemes and technologies accelerate the adoption of private LTE and 5G networks in the coming years?
How does standardization impact the adoption of LTE and 5G networks for critical communications and industrial IoT?
When will mission-critical PTT/video/data, 3GPP-LMR interworking, URLLC for industrial IoT, railway/maritime communications and other 3GPP-specified vertical-domain capabilities become commercially mature for implementation?
How will the integration of TSN (Time Sensitive Networking) enable private 5G networks to deliver reliable, low-latency connectivity across a broad range of time-critical industrial applications?
Do IEEE 802.16s, AeroMACS, WiGRID and other technologies pose a threat to private LTE and 5G networks?
What opportunities exist for commercial mobile operators in the private LTE and 5G network ecosystem?
Will FirstNet, Safe-Net, ESN and other nationwide public safety broadband networks eventually replace existing digital LMR networks?
When will private LTE and 5G networks supersede GSM-R as the predominant radio bearer for railway communications?
What are the future prospects of rapidly deployable LTE and 5G systems?
Who are the key ecosystem players, and what are their strategies?
What strategies should LTE/5G infrastructure suppliers, system integrators, vertical-domain specialists and mobile operators adopt to remain competitive?

Table of Contents

1 Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Executive Summary

1.2 Topics Covered

1.3 Forecast Segmentation

1.4 Key Questions Answered

1.5 Key Findings

1.6 Methodology

1.7 Target Audience

1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned

2 Chapter 2: An Overview of Private LTE/5G Networks

2.1 Private Wireless Networks

2.1.1 Addressing the Needs of the Critical Communications Industry

2.1.2 The Limitations of LMR (Land Mobile Radio) Networks

2.1.3 Growing Use of Commercial Mobile Broadband Technologies

2.1.4 Connectivity Requirements for the Industrial IoT (Internet of Things)

2.1.5 Localized Mobile Networks for Buildings, Campuses & Public Venues

2.2 LTE & 5G for Private Networking

2.2.1 Why LTE & 5G?

2.2.2 Performance Metrics

2.2.3 Coexistence, Interoperability and Spectrum Flexibility

2.2.4 A Thriving Ecosystem of Chipsets, Devices & Network Equipment

2.2.5 Economic Feasibility of Operation

2.2.6 Moving Towards LTE-Advanced & LTE-Advanced Pro

2.2.7 Private LTE Support in LTE-Advanced Pro

2.2.8 5G NR (New Radio) Capabilities & Usage Scenarios

2.2.8.1 eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband)

2.2.8.2 URLCC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications)

2.2.8.3 mMTC (Massive Machine-Type Communications)

2.3 Private LTE & 5G Network Operational Models

2.3.1 Independent Private Network

2.3.2 Managed Private Network

2.3.3 Shared Core Private Network

2.3.4 Hybrid Commercial-Private Network

2.3.5 Private MVNO: Commercial Network with a Private Mobile Core

2.3.6 Other Approaches

2.4 Key Applications of Private LTE & 5G Networks

2.4.1 Secure & Seamless Mobile Broadband Access

2.4.2 Bandwidth-Intensive & Latency-Sensitive Field Applications

2.4.3 Bulk Multimedia & Data Transfers

2.4.4 In-Building Coverage & Capacity

2.4.5 Seamless Roaming & Mobile VPN Access

2.4.6 Mission-Critical HD Voice & Group Communications

2.4.7 Video & High-Resolution Imagery

2.4.8 Massive-Scale Video Surveillance & Analytics

2.4.9 Messaging & Presence Services

2.4.10 Location Services & Mapping

2.4.11 Command & Control Systems

2.4.12 Smart Grid Operations

2.4.13 Environmental Monitoring

2.4.14 Industrial Automation

2.4.15 Connected Robotics

2.4.16 Machine Vision

2.4.17 AR/VR (Augmented & Virtual Reality)

2.4.18 Telehealth & Remote Surgery

2.4.19 High-Speed Railway Connectivity

2.4.20 PIS (Passenger Information Systems)

2.4.21 Delay-Sensitive Control of Railway Infrastructure

2.4.22 In-Flight Connectivity for Passengers & Airline Operators

2.4.23 Maritime Connectivity for Vessels & Offshore Facilities

2.4.24 Telemetry, Control & Remote Diagnostics

2.4.25 Unmanned Ground, Marine & Aerial Vehicles

2.5 Market Drivers

2.5.1 Recognition of LTE & 5G as the De-Facto Platform for Wireless Connectivity

2.5.2 Spectral Efficiency & Bandwidth Flexibility

2.5.3 Regional Interoperability & Cost Efficiency

2.5.4 Endorsement from the Critical Communications Industry

2.5.5 Emergence of Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Technologies

2.5.6 Growing Demand for High-Speed & Low-Latency Data Applications

2.5.7 Limited Coverage in Indoor, Industrial & Remote Environments

2.5.8 Favorable Licensing Schemes for Localized LTE & 5G Networks

2.5.9 Control over QoS (Quality-of-Service)

2.5.10 Privacy & Security

2.6 Market Barriers

2.6.1 Lack of Licensed Spectrum for Wide-Area Coverage

2.6.2 Funding Challenges for Large-Scale Networks

2.6.3 Technical Complexities of Implementation & Operation

2.6.4 Smaller Coverage Footprint Than Legacy LMR Systems

2.6.5 Competition from IEEE 802.16s, AeroMACS, WiGRID & Other Technologies

2.6.6 Delayed Standardization

3 Chapter 3: System Architecture & Technologies for Private LTE/5G Networks

3.1 Architectural Components of Private LTE & 5G Networks

3.1.1 UE (User Equipment)

3.1.2 E-UTRAN – LTE RAN (Radio Access Network)

3.1.2.1 eNBs – LTE Base Stations

3.1.3 NG-RAN – 5G NR (New Radio) Access Network

3.1.3.1 gNBs – 5G NR Base Stations

3.1.3.2 en-gNBs – Secondary Node 5G NR Base Stations

3.1.3.3 ng-eNBs – Next Generation LTE Base Stations

3.1.4 Transport Network

3.1.4.1 Backhaul

3.1.4.2 Fronthaul & Midhaul

3.1.5 EPC (Evolved Packet Core) – The LTE Mobile Core

3.1.5.1 SGW (Serving Gateway)

3.1.5.2 PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway)

3.1.5.3 MME (Mobility Management Entity)

3.1.5.4 HSS (Home Subscriber Server)

3.1.5.5 PCRF (Policy Charging and Rules Function)

3.1.6 5GC (5G Core)/NGC (Next-Generation Core)

3.1.6.1 AMF (Access & Mobility Management Function)

3.1.6.2 UPF (User Plane Function)

3.1.6.3 SMF (Session Management Function)

3.1.6.4 PCF (Policy Control Function)

3.1.6.5 NEF (Network Exposure Function)

3.1.6.6 NRF (Network Repository Function)

3.1.6.7 UDM (Unified Data Management)

3.1.6.8 UDR (Unified Data Repository)

3.1.6.9 AUSF (Authentication Server Function)

3.1.6.10 AF (Application Function)

3.1.6.11 NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function)

3.1.6.12 NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function)

3.1.6.13 Other Elements

3.1.7 IMS (IP-Multimedia Subsystem), Application & Service Elements

3.1.7.1 IMS Core & VoLTE/VoNR

3.1.7.2 eMBMS/FeMBMS – Broadcasting/Multicasting over LTE/5G Networks

3.1.7.3 ProSe (Proximity Services)

3.1.7.4 Group Communication & Mission-Critical Services

3.1.8 Gateways for LTE/5G-External Network Interworking

3.2 Key Enabling Technologies & Concepts

3.2.1 Critical Communications

3.2.1.1 MCPTT (Mission-Critical PTT) Voice & Group Communications

3.2.1.2 Mission-Critical Video & Data

3.2.1.3 ProSe (Proximity Services) for D2D Connectivity & Communications

3.2.1.4 IOPS (Isolated E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety)

3.2.1.5 Deployable LTE & 5G Systems

3.2.1.6 UE Enhancements

3.2.2 Industrial IoT

3.2.2.1 eMTC, NB-IoT & mMTC: Wide Area & High Density IoT Applications

3.2.2.2 Techniques for URLLC

3.2.2.3 TSN (Time Sensitive Networking)

3.2.3 QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption)

3.2.4 High-Precision Positioning

3.2.5 End-to-End Security

3.2.6 Quantum Cryptography Technologies

3.2.7 Licensed Spectrum Sharing & Aggregation

3.2.8 Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Usage

3.2.8.1 CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service): Three-Tiered Sharing

3.2.8.2 LSA (Licensed Shared Access): Two-Tiered Sharing

3.2.8.3 sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform): Non-Tiered Unlicensed Access

3.2.8.4 LTE-U/LAA (License Assisted Access) & eLAA (Enhanced LAA): Licensed & Unlicensed Spectrum Aggregation

3.2.8.5 MulteFire

3.2.8.6 5G NR-U

3.2.9 SDR (Software-Defined Radio)

3.2.10 Cognitive Radio & Spectrum Sensing

3.2.11 Wireless Connection Bonding

3.2.12 Network Sharing & Slicing

3.2.12.1 MOCN (Multi-Operator Core Network)

3.2.12.2 DECOR (Dedicated Core)

3.2.12.3 Network Slicing

3.2.13 Software-Centric Networking

3.2.13.1 NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)

3.2.13.2 SDN (Software Defined Networking)

3.2.14 Small Cells

3.2.15 C-RAN (Centralized RAN)

3.2.16 SON (Self-Organizing Networks)

3.2.17 MEC (Multi-Access Edge Computing)

3.2.18 Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning

3.2.19 Big Data & Advanced Analytics

4 Chapter 4: Vertical Markets, Case Studies & Private LTE/5G Engagements

4.1 Vertical Markets

4.1.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

4.1.1.1 Public Safety

4.1.1.2 Military

4.1.1.3 Energy

4.1.1.4 Utilities

4.1.1.5 Mining

4.1.1.6 Transportation

4.1.1.7 Factories & Warehouses

4.1.1.8 Others

4.1.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

4.1.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

4.2 Private LTE & 5G Network Case Studies

4.2.1 Agnico Eagle

4.2.2 Air France

4.2.3 ASTRID's BLM (Blue Light Mobile) Service

4.2.4 BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)

4.2.5 Beach Energy

4.2.6 Busan Transportation Corporation

4.2.7 China Southern Power Grid

4.2.8 Daimler/Mercedes-Benz Cars

4.2.9 EAN (European Aviation Network)

4.2.10 Elektro (Neoenergia/Iberdrola)

4.2.11 Enel Group

4.2.12 FirstNet (First Responder Network) Authority

4.2.13 France's PCSTORM Critical Communications Broadband Project

4.2.14 French Army

4.2.15 German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr)

4.2.16 Gold Fields

4.2.17 Halton Regional Police Service

4.2.18 Heathrow Airport

4.2.19 INET (Infrastructure Networks)

4.2.20 Kenyan Police Service

4.2.21 KMA (Korea Military Academy)

4.2.22 KRNA (Korea Rail Network Authority)

4.2.23 LG Chem

4.2.24 Nedaa

4.2.25 Ocado

4.2.26 PGA Tour

4.2.27 Port of Rotterdam

4.2.28 PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority)

4.2.29 Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior)

4.2.30 RESCAN (Canary Islands Network for Emergency and Security)

4.2.31 Rio Tinto Group

4.2.32 Rivas Vaciamadrid City Council

4.2.33 Royal Thai Police

4.2.34 Shanghai Police Department

4.2.35 South Korea’s Safe-Net (National Disaster Safety Communications Network)

4.2.36 Southern Linc

4.2.37 Tampnet

4.2.38 U.S. Navy

4.2.39 Ukkoverkot

4.2.40 UN (United Nations)

4.2.41 United Kingdom’s ESN (Emergency Services Network)

4.2.42 Zhengzhou Metro

4.3 Review of Other Private LTE & 5G Network Engagements

4.3.1 Asia Pacific

4.3.1.1 Bangladesh

4.3.1.2 Australia

4.3.1.3 China

4.3.1.4 Hong Kong

4.3.1.5 India

4.3.1.6 Indonesia

4.3.1.7 Japan

4.3.1.8 Laos

4.3.1.9 Malaysia

4.3.1.10 New Zealand

4.3.1.11 Pakistan

4.3.1.12 Philippines

4.3.1.13 Singapore

4.3.1.14 South Korea

4.3.1.15 Thailand

4.3.1.16 Other Countries

4.3.2 Europe

4.3.2.1 Austria

4.3.2.2 Belgium

4.3.2.3 Czech Republic

4.3.2.4 Denmark

4.3.2.5 Estonia

4.3.2.6 Finland

4.3.2.7 France

4.3.2.8 Germany

4.3.2.9 Hungary

4.3.2.10 Ireland

4.3.2.11 Italy

4.3.2.12 Netherlands

4.3.2.13 Norway

4.3.2.14 Poland

4.3.2.15 Portugal

4.3.2.16 Russia

4.3.2.17 Serbia

4.3.2.18 Slovenia

4.3.2.19 Spain

4.3.2.20 Sweden

4.3.2.21 Switzerland

4.3.2.22 Turkey

4.3.2.23 United Kingdom

4.3.2.24 Other Countries

4.3.3 Latin & Central America

4.3.3.1 Argentina

4.3.3.2 Bolivia

4.3.3.3 Brazil

4.3.3.4 Chile

4.3.3.5 Colombia

4.3.3.6 Ecuador

4.3.3.7 Mexico

4.3.3.8 Peru

4.3.3.9 Trinidad & Tobago

4.3.3.10 Venezuela

4.3.3.11 Other Countries

4.3.4 Middle East & Africa

4.3.4.1 Algeria

4.3.4.2 Cameroon

4.3.4.3 Côte d'Ivoire

4.3.4.4 Egypt

4.3.4.5 Ethiopia

4.3.4.6 GCC (Gulf Corporation Council) Countries

4.3.4.6.1 Oman

4.3.4.6.2 Qatar

4.3.4.6.3 Saudi Arabia

4.3.4.6.4 United Arab Emirates

4.3.4.7 Ghana

4.3.4.8 Iraq

4.3.4.9 Israel

4.3.4.10 Jordan

4.3.4.11 Kenya

4.3.4.12 Lebanon

4.3.4.13 Madagascar

4.3.4.14 Mali

4.3.4.15 Mauritius

4.3.4.16 Morocco

4.3.4.17 Nigeria

4.3.4.18 Republic of the Congo

4.3.4.19 South Africa

4.3.4.20 Zambia

4.3.4.21 Other Countries

4.3.5 North America

4.3.5.1 Canada

4.3.5.2 United States

5 Chapter 5: Spectrum Availability, Allocation & Usage

5.1 Frequency Bands for Private LTE & 5G Networks

5.1.1 Licensed Spectrum for Local, Regional & National Private Networks

5.1.1.1 200/230 MHz

5.1.1.2 400/420/450 MHz

5.1.1.3 600 MHz

5.1.1.4 700 MHz

5.1.1.5 800 MHz

5.1.1.6 900 MHz

5.1.1.7 1.4 GHz

5.1.1.8 1.8 GHz

5.1.1.9 1.9 GHz

5.1.1.10 2.1 GHz

5.1.1.11 2.3 GHz

5.1.1.12 2.4 GHz

5.1.1.13 2.5 GHz

5.1.1.14 2.6 GHz

5.1.1.15 3.5 GHz

5.1.1.16 3.6 GHz

5.1.1.17 3.7 GHz

5.1.1.18 4.6 – 4.8 GHz

5.1.1.19 4.9 GHz

5.1.1.20 5.9 GHz

5.1.1.21 26 GHz

5.1.1.22 28 GHz

5.1.1.23 Other Bands

5.1.2 Shared Access Spectrum

5.1.2.1 2.3 GHz LSA Band

5.1.2.2 3.5 GHz (3.55 – 3.7 GHz) CBRS Band

5.1.2.3 3.7 – 4.2 GHz C-Band

5.1.2.4 8 GHz

5.1.2.5 26 GHz

5.1.2.6 28 GHz

5.1.2.7 37 GHz

5.1.2.8 Others Bands

5.1.3 License Exempt Spectrum

5.1.3.1 470/800/900 MHz

5.1.3.2 1.8 GHz DECT Guard Band

5.1.3.3 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Band

5.1.3.4 2.4 GHz

5.1.3.5 5 GHz

5.1.3.6 6 GHz (5.925 – 7.125 GHz)

5.1.3.7 57 – 71 GHz

5.1.3.8 Other Bands

5.2 Spectrum Regulation, Sharing & Management

5.2.1 National Frequency Regulators

5.2.1.1 Identification & Allocation of Spectrum for Private LTE/5G Networks

5.2.2 ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector)

5.2.2.1 International & Regional Harmonization of Spectrum

5.2.3 CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations)

5.2.3.1 ECC (Electronic Communications Committee): Common Policies for Private LTE/5G Spectrum in Europe

5.2.3.2 Broadband PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) Networks

5.2.3.3 Radio Spectrum for Railway Applications

5.2.4 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

5.2.4.1 Standards for the Implementation of LSA (Licensed Shared Access)

5.2.5 450 MHz Alliance

5.2.5.1 Promoting the Use of 450 MHz for LTE Networks

5.2.6 CBRS Alliance

5.2.6.1 OnGo Certification Program

5.2.7 DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance)

5.2.7.1 Advocacy Efforts for the Dynamic Sharing of Spectrum

5.2.8 MulteFire Alliance

5.2.8.1 Release 1.0: LTE Operation in the Unlicensed 5 GHz Band

5.2.8.2 Release 1.1: Support for Industrial IoT & Sub-1/1.9/2.4 GHz Spectrum Bands

5.2.9 WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum)

5.2.9.1 SSC (Spectrum Sharing Committee): CBRS Standards

5.2.9.2 Other Committees

5.2.10 XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum

5.2.10.1 Development & Promotion of the sXGP Unlicensed LTE Service

6 Chapter 6: Standardization, Regulatory & Collaborative Initiatives

6.1 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)

6.1.1 Releases 11-14: Public Safety & Critical Communications Features

6.1.2 Releases 13 & 14: eMTC, NB-IoT & Unlicensed Spectrum Support

6.1.3 Release 15: 5G NR, Mission-Critical Service Enhancements, & Additional Operating Bands

6.1.4 Release 16: 5G URLLC for Industrial IoT, 3GPP-LMR Interworking & Railway/Maritime Communications

6.1.5 Release 17 & Beyond: 5G-Based Direct Mode, Broadcast & New Vertical Applications

6.2 5G PPP (5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership)/5G-IA (5G Infrastructure Association)

6.2.1 Private 5G-Related Activities

6.3 5G-ACIA (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation)

6.3.1 Industrial Domain Requirements in 5G Standardization, Regulation, Spectrum Allocation & Operator Models

6.4 AGURRE (Association of Major Users of Operational Radio Networks, France)

6.4.1 Advocacy Efforts for Private LTE/5G Networks in the Transportation & Energy Sectors

6.5 APCO (Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials) International

6.5.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Advocacy Efforts

6.5.2 ANS 2.106.1-2019: Standard for PSG (Public Safety Grade) Site Hardening Requirements

6.6 ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)

6.6.1 Standardization Efforts Relevant to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks

6.7 BTG (Dutch Association of Large-Scale ICT & Telecommunications Users)

6.7.1 KMBG (Dutch Critical Mobile Broadband Users) Expert Group

6.7.2 Private LTE /5G-Related Lobbying Efforts

6.8 B-TrunC (Broadband Trunking Communication) Industry Alliance

6.8.1 B-TrunC Standard for LTE-Based Critical Communications

6.9 CAMET (China Association of Metros)

6.9.1 Adoption of LTE as the Communications Standard for Urban Rail Systems

6.9.2 LTE-M: Specification for Urban Rail Transit Onboard-to-Wayside Communications

6.10 CEA (Canadian Electricity Association)

6.10.1 PVNO (Private Virtual Network Operator) System for Electric Utilities

6.11 CRC (Communications Research Centre Canada)

6.11.1 Interoperability Research and Evaluation of Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

6.12 DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada)

6.12.1 R&D Efforts in Public Safety & Military LTE/5G Networks

6.13 ENTELEC (Energy Telecommunications and Electrical Association)

6.13.1 Policy Advocacy & Other Activities Related to Private LTE/5G Networks

6.14 ERA (European Union Agency for Railways)

6.14.1 Project on the Evolution of Railway Radio Communication

6.15 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

6.15.1 TCCE (TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution) Technical Committee

6.15.1.1 Standards & Guidelines for Critical Communications Broadband

6.15.2 CTI (Center for Testing and Interoperability)

6.15.2.1 MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) Plugtests

6.15.3 TC RT (Technical Committee for Rail Telecommunications)

6.15.3.1 FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System)-Related Standardization Activities

6.15.4 Other Technical Committees & Private LTE/5G-Related Standards

6.16 EUTC (European Utilities Telecom Council)

6.16.1 LTE & 5G-Related Work

6.17 EWA (Enterprise Wireless Alliance)

6.17.1 Frequency Coordination & Spectrum Advocacy for Private Wireless Networks

6.18 GCF (Global Certification Forum)

6.18.1 Certification of LTE/5G Devices for Public Safety & Other Critical Communications Networks

6.19 Home Office, United Kingdom

6.19.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization Efforts

6.20 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

6.20.1 Standards & Protocols for Mission-Critical Services over LTE & 5G Networks

6.21 IGOF (International Governmental Operators’ Forum)

6.21.1 Addressing Broadband-Related Issues in Critical Communications

6.22 JRC (Joint Radio Company)

6.22.1 Frequency Management for Private Radio Networks

6.22.2 Spectrum Advocacy for the United Kingdom's Utility Operators

6.22.3 Addressing the Impact of 5G on Electric Utilities

6.23 KRRI (Korea Railroad Research Institute)

6.23.1 LTE-Based KRTCS (Korean Radio-Based Train Control System)

6.24 MCOP (Mission-Critical Open Platform)

6.24.1 Open Platform for the Development of Standards-Compliant MCPTT Applications

6.25 PSBTA (Public Safety Broadband Technology Association)

6.25.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Activities

6.26 PSCE (Public Safety Communications Europe)

6.26.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization

6.26.2 BroadX Projects: Pan-European Interoperable Broadband Mobile System for Public Safety

6.27 PSCR (Public Safety Communications Research) Program

6.27.1 Technology Development & Standardization Efforts for Public Safety LTE/5G

6.28 PSTA (Public Safety Technology Alliance)

6.28.1 Certified Open Standards & APIs for Public Safety Communications

6.29 Public Safety Canada

6.29.1 Participation in the Federal PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Task Team

6.30 Safe-Net Forum

6.30.1 Guidance & Ecosystem Development for Public Safety LTE Networks

6.31 SCF (Small Cell Forum)

6.31.1 Specifications for Enterprise & Unlicensed Small Cells

6.32 Seamless Air Alliance

6.32.1 Technical Specifications and Recommendations for In-Flight LTE & 5G Connectivity

6.33 Shift2Rail

6.33.1 Railway Communications-Related R&D Efforts

6.33.1.1 TD (Technical Demonstrator) 2.1: Development of a New Communication System

6.34 TCCA (The Critical Communications Association)

6.34.1 CCBG (Critical Communications Broadband Group)

6.34.2 BIG (Broadband Industry Group)

6.35 TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)

6.35.1 TR-8.8: Subcommittee on Broadband Data Systems

6.36 TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea)

6.36.1 Functional Requirements for Public Safety LTE

6.36.2 LTE-R (LTE Based Railway Communication System)

6.36.3 LTE-M (LTE-Maritime)

6.37 U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

6.37.1 CTL (Communications Technology Laboratory): R&D Leadership for FirstNet

6.38 U.S. NPSTC (National Public Safety Telecommunications Council)

6.38.1 Early Leadership in Public Safety LTE

6.38.2 LMR-LTE Integration, Deployable Systems & Other Work

6.39 U.S. NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration)

6.39.1 FirstNet Governance & Funding

6.39.2 Other Work Related to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks

6.40 UBBA (Utility Broadband Alliance)

6.40.1 Efforts to Advance Private Broadband Networks for Utilities

6.41 UIC (International Union of Railways)

6.41.1 Replacing GSM-R with Next-Generation Wireless Technologies

6.41.2 FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System) Project

6.42 UNIFE (The European Rail Supply Industry Association)

6.42.1 UNITEL Committee: Development & Implementation of Future Interoperable Railway Communications Systems

6.43 UTC (Utilities Technology Council)

6.43.1 LTE & 5G-Related Advocacy, Technology Development & Policy Efforts

6.44 UTCAL (Utilities Telecom & Technology Council América Latina)

6.44.1 Promoting the Adoption of Private LTE/5G Systems for Latin American Utilities

6.45 Vendor-Led Alliances

6.45.1 Huawei's eLTE Industry Alliance

6.45.2 Nokia's Mission Critical Communications Alliance

6.45.3 L3Harris' Mission Critical Alliance

6.46 Others

6.46.1 National Government Agencies & Regulators

6.46.2 Regional & Country-Specific Associations

6.46.3 Global Industry Associations & Organizations

7 Chapter 7: Future Roadmap & Value Chain

7.1 Future Roadmap

7.1.1 Pre-2020: Continued Investments for Both Mission & Business Critical Needs

7.1.2 2020 – 2025: Commercial Maturity of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum & Private 5G Infrastructure

7.1.3 2025 – 2030: Mass-Market Adoption of Private LTE/5G Networks for Vertical Industries

7.2 Value Chain

7.2.1 Enabling Technology Providers

7.2.2 RAN, Mobile Core & Transport Infrastructure Suppliers

7.2.3 Terminal Equipment Vendors

7.2.4 System Integrators

7.2.5 Application Developers

7.2.6 Test, Measurement & Performance Specialists

7.2.7 Mobile Operators

7.2.8 MVNOs

7.2.9 Vertical Industries, Enterprises & Other End Users

8 Chapter 8: Key Ecosystem Players

8.1 4K Solutions

8.2 ABB

8.3 Accelleran

8.4 Accton Technology Corporation/IgniteNet

8.5 Accuver/Qucell/InnoWireless

8.6 Ace Technologies Corporation

8.7 AceAxis

8.8 Adax

8.9 ADLINK Technology

8.10 ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)

8.11 ADTRAN

8.12 ADVA Optical Networking

8.13 Advantech

8.14 Aegex Technologies

8.15 Affarii Technologies

8.16 Affirmed Networks

8.17 Airbus/SLC (Secure Land Communications)

8.18 Airgain

8.19 Airrays

8.20 Airspan Networks/Dense Air/Mimosa Networks

8.21 Airwavz Solutions

8.22 Alea/Talkway

8.23 Alepo

8.24 Alliander (450connect/Utility Connect)

8.25 Allied Telesis

8.26 Alpha Networks

8.27 Alpha Technologies/EnerSys

8.28 Alstom

8.29 Altaeros

8.30 Altair Semiconductor

8.31 ALTÁN Redes

8.32 Altice USA

8.33 Altiostar Networks

8.34 Altran

8.35 Alvarion Technologies/SuperCom

8.36 AM Telecom

8.37 Amarisoft

8.38 Amazon

8.39 Ambra Solutions/Ecotel

8.40 Amdocs

8.41 American Tower Corporation

8.42 Amit Wireless

8.43 Amphenol Corporation

8.44 Anktion (Fujian) Technology

8.45 Anritsu Corporation

8.46 ANS (Advanced Network Services)

8.47 Antenna Company

8.48 Anterix (pdvWireless)

8.49 Apple

8.50 Aqura Technologies (Veris)

8.51 Arcadyan Technology Corporation

8.52 Archos

8.53 Arete M

8.54 Argela/Netsia

8.55 ArgoNET

8.56 ARM

8.57 Arqiva

8.58 Artemis Networks/Rearden

8.59 Artesyn Embedded Computing/SMART Global Holdings

8.60 Artiza Networks

8.61 ASELSAN

8.62 ASOCS

8.63 Assured Wireless Corporation

8.64 ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)

8.65 ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)/Askey Computer Corporation/Aaeon Technology

8.66 AT&T

8.67 Atel Antennas

8.68 Athonet

8.69 ATN International/Geoverse

8.70 Atos/Air-Lynx

8.71 AttoCore

8.72 Avanti Communications Group

8.73 AVI

8.74 Aviat Networks

8.75 Axon

8.76 Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)

8.77 Axxcss Wireless Solutions

8.78 Azcom Technology

8.79 Azetti Networks

8.80 BAE Systems

8.81 BAI Communications/Transit Wireless

8.82 Baicells Technologies

8.83 BandRich

8.84 BandwidthX

8.85 Barrett Communications

8.86 BARTEC/Pixavi

8.87 BATS (Broadband Antenna Tracking Systems)

8.88 Baylin Technologies (Galtronics Corporation, Advantech Wireless, Alga Microwave)

8.89 BCE (Bell Canada)

8.90 BEC Technologies

8.91 Beeper Communications

8.92 Benetel

8.93 BesoVideo

8.94 Billion Electric

8.95 Bird Technologies

8.96 Bittium Corporation

8.97 Black & Veatch

8.98 Black Box Corporation

8.99 Blackned

8.100 Blue Danube Systems

8.101 Blue Wireless

8.102 Bluebird

8.103 BLUnet (Axpo WZ-Systems)

8.104 Boingo Wireless

8.105 Bombardier

8.106 Booz Allen Hamilton

8.107 Bouygues Telecom

8.108 Boxchip

8.109 Broadcom

8.110 BroadForward

8.111 Broadpeak

8.112 BTI Wireless

8.113 Bullitt/Cat Phones (Caterpillar)/Land Rover Explore

8.114 Bureau Veritas/7Layers

8.115 BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems)

8.116 C Spire

8.117 CableFree (Wireless Excellence)

8.118 CableLabs/Kyrio

8.119 CACI International/LGS Innovations

8.120 CalAmp/LoJack

8.121 Cambium Networks

8.122 Cambridge Consultants

8.123 CapX Nederland

8.124 Casa Systems/NetComm Wireless

8.125 Casio Computer Company

8.126 CCI (Communication Components Inc.)/BLiNQ Networks

8.127 CCI Systems

8.128 CCN (Cirrus Core Networks)

8.129 CellAntenna Corporation

8.130 Cellnex Telecom

8.131 cellXica

8.132 Centerline Communications

8.133 Ceragon Networks

8.134 Challenge Networks

8.135 Charter Communications

8.136 Chemring Technology Solutions

8.137 Cheytec Telecommunications

8.138 China Mobile

8.139 China Telecom

8.140 China Unicom

8.141 CHPC (Cirtek Holdings Philippines Corporation)/ Quintel

8.142 CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group

8.143 Ciena Corporation

8.144 Cirpack

8.145 Cisco Systems

8.146 Cloudstreet

8.147 Cobham Wireless

8.148 Codan Communications

8.149 Coherent Logix

8.150 Collinear Networks

8.151 Collins Aerospace/United Technologies Corporation

8.152 Comba Telecom

8.153 Comcast Corporation

8.154 COMLAB

8.155 CommAgility

8.156 CommScope/ARRIS International/Ruckus Networks

8.157 Comrod Communication Group

8.158 Comtech Telecommunications Corporation

8.159 CONET Technologies

8.160 Connect Tech

8.161 Contela

8.162 Coolpad

8.163 Cornet Technology

8.164 Corning/SpiderCloud Wireless/iBwave Solutions

8.165 Cox Communications

8.166 Cradlepoint

8.167 Crown Castle International Corporation

8.168 CS Corporation

8.169 Cubic Corporation/Deltenna

8.170 CybertelBridge

8.171 Dali Wireless

8.172 DAMM Cellular Systems

8.173 DBcom

8.174 DEKRA

8.175 Dell Technologies

8.176 Delta/Agema

8.177 Dialogic

8.178 Digi International

8.179 Digital Bridge Holdings/Colony Capital

8.180 Digital Colony/Freshwave Group

8.181 D-Link Corporation

8.182 DMI

8.183 DragonWave-X

8.184 Druid Software

8.185 DT (Deutsche Telekom)

8.186 Duons

8.187 Durabook (Twinhead International Corporation)

8.188 Easycom (Shenzhen Easycom Electronics)

8.189 E-Band Communications (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)

8.190 EchoStar Corporation/Hughes Network Systems

8.191 ECI Telecom

8.192 Ecom Instruments/Pepperl+Fuchs

8.193 EE/BT Group

8.194 EION Wireless

8.195 Ekinops/OneAccess

8.196 Elbit Systems

8.197 Elefante Group

8.198 Elisa

8.199 Elistair

8.200 ELUON Corporation

8.201 Embraer

8.202 Emerson

8.203 Encore Networks

8.204 ENENSYS Technologies/Expway

8.205 Enexis

8.206 Epiroc

8.207 Ericsson

8.208 Essential Products

8.209 Estalky (K-Mobile Technology)

8.210 ETELM

8.211 eTera Communication/Sinotech R&D Group

8.212 Etherstack

8.213 Ethertronics/AVX Corporation (Kyocera)

8.214 ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea)

8.215 Etteplan

8.216 Excelerate Group

8.217 EXFO/Astellia

8.218 Expeto

8.219 ExteNet Systems

8.220 Eyecom Telecommunications Group

8.221 Facebook

8.222 Fairspectrum

8.223 Fairwaves

8.224 Fastback Networks (CBF Networks)

8.225 FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)/JEMS (Japan EM Solutions)

8.226 Federated Wireless

8.227 Fenix Group

8.228 Fibocom Wireless

8.229 Flash Private Mobile Networks

8.230 Flightcell International

8.231 Fraunhofer FOKUS (Institute for Open Communication Systems)

8.232 Fraunhofer HHI (Heinrich Hertz Institute)

8.233 Fraunhofer IIS (Institute for Integrated Circuits)

8.234 Fraunhofer IPT (Institute for Production Technology)

8.235 Frequentis

8.236 FRTek

8.237 Fujian BelFone Communications Technology

8.238 Fujitsu

8.239 Funk-Electronic Piciorgros

8.240 Funkwerk

8.241 Future Technologies Venture

8.242 GCT Semiconductor

8.243 GE (General Electric)

8.244 Gemalto (Thales)

8.245 Gemtek Technology

8.246 Genaker

8.247 General Dynamics Mission Systems

8.248 GenXComm

8.249 Geotab

8.250 Getac Technology Corporation

8.251 Gilat Satellite Networks

8.252 Globalstar

8.253 Gogo

8.254 Goodman Networks

8.255 Goodmill Systems

8.256 Google/Alphabet

8.257 Green Packet

8.258 GRENTECH

8.259 GroupTalk

8.260 GSI (GS Instech)/GST (GS Teletech)

8.261 GWT (Global Wireless Technologies)

8.262 Halys

8.263 Handheld Group

8.264 HAPSMobile/AeroVironment

8.265 Harbor Max

8.266 HBFEC (Hebei Far East Communication System Engineering)

8.267 HCL Technologies

8.268 HFR

8.269 HISPASAT Group

8.270 Hitachi/Hitachi Rail STS

8.271 HMD Global

8.272 Hoimyung ICT

8.273 Hon Hai Precision Industry/Foxconn Technology Group/Sharp Corporation

8.274 Honeywell International

8.275 Hoverfly Technologies

8.276 HP

8.277 HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

8.278 HTC Corporation

8.279 Huawei/HiSilicon

8.280 Huber+Suhner

8.281 Hytera Communications/Sepura/Teltronic

8.282 IAI (Israel Aerospace Industries)/Elta Systems

8.283 IBM Corporation/Red Hat

8.284 Ice Group

8.285 Icom

8.286 IDEMIA

8.287 IDY Corporation

8.288 IMPTT

8.289 Indra

8.290 INET (Infrastructure Networks)

8.291 Infinera/Coriant

8.292 Infomark Corporation

8.293 Infovista

8.294 Inmarsat

8.295 Inrico (Shenzhen Inrico Electronics)

8.296 Inseego Corporation

8.297 Instant Connect

8.298 Intel Corporation

8.299 Intelsat

8.300 InterDigital

8.301 Interop Technologies

8.302 Intracom Telecom

8.303 IoT4Net

8.304 ip.access

8.305 IPITEK (Integrated Photonics Technology)

8.306 IPLOOK Networks

8.307 Iradio Electronics

8.308 Iridium Communications

8.309 ISCO International

8.310 Iskratel

8.311 IS-Wireless

8.312 Italtel/Exprivia

8.313 ITRI (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan)

8.314 IWT (Innovative Wireless Technologies)

8.315 Jaton Technology

8.316 JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)/Contour Networks

8.317 JMA Wireless/PHAZR

8.318 JRC (Japan Radio Company)

8.319 Juni Global

8.320 Juniper Networks

8.321 JVCKENWOOD Corporation/Zetron

8.322 Kalmar (Cargotec)

8.323 Kathrein Mobile Communication (Ericsson)

8.324 KBR

8.325 Key Bridge Wireless

8.326 Keysight Technologies

8.327 Kirisun Communications

8.328 Kisan Telecom

8.329 Klas Telecom

8.330 Klein Electronics

8.331 Kleos

8.332 KMW

8.333 Komatsu/Modular Mining Systems

8.334 Konecranes

8.335 KPN/KPN Critical Communications

8.336 KT Corporation

8.337 Kudelski Group

8.338 KUKA

8.339 Kumu Networks

8.340 K-Won/Hunter Technology

8.341 Kymeta Corporation

8.342 Kyocera Corporation

8.343 L3Harris Technologies

8.344 Landmark Dividend

8.345 LCR Embedded Systems

8.346 Leidos

8.347 Lemko Corporation

8.348 Lenovo/Motorola Mobility

8.349 Leonardo

8.350 LG Corporation/LG Electronics/LG Innotek

8.351 LG Uplus

8.352 Ligado Networks

8.353 Lime Microsystems

8.354 Lisheng Fujian Communications

8.355 Lociva

8.356 Lockheed Martin Corporation

8.357 LS telcom

8.358 Marlink Group

8.359 Martin UAV

8.360 Marvell Technology Group

8.361 Mavenir Systems

8.362 MediaTek

8.363 Mellanox Technologies

8.364 MER Group

8.365 Metaswitch Networks

8.366 Metro Network Services

8.367 Microlab

8.368 Microsoft Corporation

8.369 Microwave Networks

8.370 MitraStar Technology Corporation

8.371 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

8.372 Mobile Tornado

8.373 MobileDemand

8.374 Mobilicom

8.375 Mobilitie

8.376 Motorola Solutions

8.377 MP Antenna

8.378 MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.)

8.379 Multi-Tech Systems

8.380 Mushroom Networks

8.381 Mutualink

8.382 MVM NET

8.383 MYT Electronics

8.384 N.A.T.

8.385 Nash Technologies

8.386 NEC Corporation

8.387 Nemergent Solutions

8.388 Neolink Communications Technology

8.389 Neptune Mobile

8.390 Net1 International

8.391 Netas

8.392 NetCity (GEOS Telecom/GEOS Holding)

8.393 Netgear

8.394 NetMotion Software

8.395 NetNumber

8.396 NETSCOUT Systems

8.397 Neutral Connect Networks/Connectivity Wireless Solutions (M/C Partners)

8.398 New Postcom Equipment

8.399 Nextivity

8.400 NI (National Instruments)

8.401 Node-H

8.402 Nokia

8.403 Nominet

8.404 Nordic Telecom

8.405 Northrop Grumman Corporation

8.406 Nsight/Cellcom

8.407 Nubia Technology (ZTE)

8.408 NuRAN Wireless/Nutaq Innovation

8.409 NXP Semiconductors

8.410 Oceus Networks

8.411 Octasic

8.412 ODN (Orbital Data Network)

8.413 Omnitele

8.414 One2many

8.415 OneWeb

8.416 OPPO/Vivo/OnePlus/Realme (BBK Electronics Corporation)

8.417 Oracle Communications

8.418 Orange

8.419 Orion Labs

8.420 PacStar (Pacific Star Communications)

8.421 Panasonic Corporation/Panasonic Avionics Corporation/AeroMobile Communications

8.422 Panda Electronics

8.423 Panorama Antennas

8.424 Parallel Wireless

8.425 Parsons Corporation

8.426 Pavlov Media

8.427 PCTEL

8.428 PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory)

8.429 Pei Tel Communications/Peiker

8.430 Pentonet

8.431 Pepro

8.432 Perspecta Labs

8.433 Phluido

8.434 Pierson Wireless

8.435 Plover Bay Technologies (Peplink/Pepwave)

8.436 PoCStar (Shanli Tongyi Information Technology)

8.437 Polaris Networks

8.438 Potevio

8.439 PRESCOM

8.440 PrioCom

8.441 PTI (Persistent Telecom Inc.)/NetGenuity/RIVA Networks

8.442 Publicis Sapient

8.443 Puloli

8.444 Qinetiq

8.445 QuadGen Wireless Solutions

8.446 Qualcomm

8.447 Quanta Computer/QCT (Quanta Cloud Technology)

8.448 Quantum Wireless

8.449 Quectel Wireless Solutions

8.450 Qulsar

8.451 Quortus

8.452 RACOM Corporation

8.453 RAD Data Communications

8.454 Radio IP Software

8.455 Radisys Corporation/Reliance Industries

8.456 RADWIN

8.457 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems

8.458 Rajant Corporation

8.459 Range Networks

8.460 Raycap/STEALTH Concealment Solutions

8.461 Raytheon Company

8.462 Red Rover

8.463 RED Technologies

8.464 REDCOM Laboratories/IMSWorkX

8.465 Redline Communications

8.466 REMEC Broadband Wireless Networks/Bridgewave Communications/SAGE SatCom (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)

8.467 Rescue 42/PodRunner

8.468 RF Window

8.469 RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)

8.470 Ribbon Communications

8.471 Rivada Networks

8.472 Robert Bosch

8.473 Robustel

8.474 Rogers Communications

8.475 Rohde & Schwarz

8.476 Rohill

8.477 Rosenberger

8.478 RTX A/S

8.479 RugGear

8.480 Ruijie Networks

8.481 S&T/Kontron/Kapsch CarrierCom

8.482 Saab

8.483 SafeMobile

8.484 Safran/ZII (Zodiac Inflight Innovations)

8.485 SAI Technology

8.486 SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation)

8.487 Samji Electronics

8.488 Samsung

8.489 Sandvik

8.490 Sanjole

8.491 SBA Communications Corporation

8.492 Schneider Electric

8.493 Seowon Intech

8.494 Sequans Communications

8.495 Sercomm Corporation

8.496 SES

8.497 SFR/Altice France

8.498 SGS

8.499 Sharp Corporation/Dynabook (Foxconn)

8.500 Shentel (Shenandoah Telecommunications Company)

8.501 Shenzhen Recoda Technologies

8.502 SIAE Microelettronica/SM Optics

8.503 Siemens/Siemens Mobility

8.504 Sierra Wireless

8.505 Signal Information & Communication Corporation

8.506 Siklu Communication

8.507 Silicom SAS (France)

8.508 Simoco Wireless Solutions

8.509 Singtel/Optus

8.510 SiRRAN Communications

8.511 SITRONICS

8.512 Siyata Mobile/Uniden

8.513 SK Telecom

8.514 SK Telesys

8.515 SLA Corporation/ESChat

8.516 SmartSky Networks

8.517 SoftBank Group/BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)

8.518 Softil

8.519 SOLiD

8.520 Soliton Systems

8.521 Sonim Technologies

8.522 Sony Corporation/Sony Mobile Communications

8.523 Sooktha

8.524 Southern Linc

8.525 Space Data Corporation

8.526 Spectra Group

8.527 Speedcast International

8.528 SPIE Group

8.529 Spirent Communications

8.530 Sporton International

8.531 Sprint Corporation

8.532 SRS (Software Radio Systems)

8.533 ST Engineering iDirect

8.534 Star Microwave

8.535 Star Solutions

8.536 Steep

8.537 Steveco

8.538 STMicroelectronics

8.539 sTraffic

8.540 StrattoOpencell (Digital Colony/Freshwave Group)

8.541 StreamWIDE

8.542 Sumitomo Electric Industries

8.543 Sunsea AIoT/SIMCom Wireless Solutions/Longsung Technology

8.544 Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless)

8.545 Swisscom/Swisscom Broadcast

8.546 Syniverse Technologies

8.547 System Innovation Group

8.548 T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics)

8.549 TacSat Networks

8.550 Tait Communications

8.551 Talk-IP International

8.552 Talkpod Technology

8.553 Tampa Microwave (Thales)

8.554 Tampnet

8.555 Tango Networks

8.556 Taoglas

8.557 TASSTA

8.558 Tata Elxsi

8.559 TCL Communication (TCL/Alcatel/BlackBerry)

8.560 TCOM

8.561 TD Tech

8.562 Tech Mahindra

8.563 Technicolor

8.564 Tecom

8.565 Tecore Networks

8.566 TEKTELIC Communications

8.567 Telco Systems/BATM Advanced Communications

8.568 Teldat

8.569 Tele2 Russia/SkyLink

8.570 Telecom26

8.571 Telefónica Group

8.572 Telenor Group/Telenor Maritime

8.573 Telespazio (Leonardo/Thales)

8.574 TeleWare/PMN (Private Mobile Networks)

8.575 Teleworld Solutions

8.576 Telia Company

8.577 Telit Communications

8.578 Tellabs

8.579 Telo Systems Corporation

8.580 Telrad Networks

8.581 Telstra

8.582 Telus

8.583 Teracom Group/Net1 Sweden (Netett Sverige)

8.584 TESSCO Technologies/Ventev

8.585 Thales

8.586 TI (Texas Instruments)

8.587 Tillman Infrastructure

8.588 TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile)

8.589 TLC Solutions

8.590 T-Mobile US

8.591 TOKIE Solutions/Irvees Technology

8.592 Toshiba Corporation

8.593 Trópico/CPqD (Center for Research and Development in Telecommunications, Brazil)

8.594 Twilio/CND (Core Network Dynamics)

8.595 U.S. Cellular

8.596 UANGEL

8.597 U-Blox

8.598 Ubicquia

8.599 UK Broadband/Three UK (CK Hutchison Holdings)

8.600 Ukkoverkot

8.601 UL

8.602 UNIMO Technology

8.603 Unisoc

8.604 UniStrong

8.605 URSYS

8.606 Utility (Utility Associates)

8.607 Vanu

8.608 Verizon Communications

8.609 Vertical Bridge

8.610 Verveba Telecom

8.611 Viasat

8.612 Viavi Solutions

8.613 VINCI Energies/Koning & Hartman/Sysoco

8.614 VinSmart/Vingroup

8.615 Virtualnetcom/VNC (Virtual Network Communications)

8.616 Vislink Technologies

8.617 Vivint Internet

8.618 VMware

8.619 VNL (Vihaan Networks Limited)

8.620 Vodafone Group

8.621 Voentelecom

8.622 Volvo CE (Construction Equipment)

8.623 Voxer

8.624 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

8.625 VVDN Technologies

8.626 Wave Wireless

8.627 Wavetel Technology

8.628 Westell Technologies

8.629 WH Bence Group

8.630 Widelity

8.631 WIG (Wireless Infrastructure Group)

8.632 Wildox (Shenzhen Happy Technology)

8.633 Wipro

8.634 Wireless Logic Group

8.635 Wireless Technologies Finland

8.636 Wireless Telecom Group

8.637 WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)

8.638 Wouxun (Quanzhou Wouxun Electronics)

8.639 WTL (World Telecom Labs)

8.640 Wytec International

8.641 XCOM/M87

8.642 Xiaomi Corporation

8.643 Xilinx

8.644 XipLink/Sevis Systems

8.645 Yageo Corporation/Pulse Electronics

8.646 Yanton (Quanzhou Yanton Electronics)

8.647 Yokogawa Electric Corporation

8.648 Z-Com

8.649 Zcomax Technologies

8.650 Zebra Technologies

8.651 Zello

8.652 ZenFi Networks

8.653 Zetel Solutions

8.654 Zinwave/McWane

8.655 Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology)

8.656 ZTE/Caltta

8.657 Zyxel Communications Corporation

9 Chapter 9: Market Sizing & Forecasts

9.1 Global Outlook for Private LTE & 5G Network Investments

9.2 Segmentation by Submarket

9.2.1 RAN

9.2.2 Mobile Core

9.2.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.3 Segmentation by Technology

9.3.1 Private LTE

9.3.1.1 RAN

9.3.1.2 Mobile Core

9.3.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.3.2 Private 5G

9.3.2.1 RAN

9.3.2.2 Mobile Core

9.3.2.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.4 Segmentation by Spectrum Type

9.4.1 Licensed Spectrum

9.4.2 Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum

9.5 Segmentation by Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Frequency Band

9.5.1 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT

9.5.2 2.4 GHz

9.5.3 3.5 GHz CBRS

9.5.4 5 GHz

9.5.5 Other Bands

9.6 Segmentation by Vertical Market

9.6.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.6.1.1 RAN

9.6.1.2 Mobile Core

9.6.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.2 Public Safety

9.6.2.1 RAN

9.6.2.2 Mobile Core

9.6.2.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.3 Military

9.6.3.1 RAN

9.6.3.2 Mobile Core

9.6.3.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.4 Energy

9.6.4.1 RAN

9.6.4.2 Mobile Core

9.6.4.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.5 Utilities

9.6.5.1 RAN

9.6.5.2 Mobile Core

9.6.5.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.6 Mining

9.6.6.1 RAN

9.6.6.2 Mobile Core

9.6.6.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.7 Transportation

9.6.7.1 RAN

9.6.7.2 Mobile Core

9.6.7.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.8 Factories & Warehouses

9.6.8.1 RAN

9.6.8.2 Mobile Core

9.6.8.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.9 Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors

9.6.9.1 RAN

9.6.9.2 Mobile Core

9.6.9.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.10 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.6.10.1 RAN

9.6.10.2 Mobile Core

9.6.10.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.6.11 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.6.11.1 RAN

9.6.11.2 Mobile Core

9.6.11.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.7 Segmentation by Region

9.7.1 Submarkets

9.7.1.1 RAN

9.7.1.2 Mobile Core

9.7.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.7.2 Vertical Markets

9.7.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.7.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.7.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.8 Asia Pacific

9.8.1 Submarkets

9.8.1.1 RAN

9.8.1.2 Mobile Core

9.8.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.8.2 Vertical Markets

9.8.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.8.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.8.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.9 Eastern Europe

9.9.1 Submarkets

9.9.1.1 RAN

9.9.1.2 Mobile Core

9.9.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.9.2 Vertical Markets

9.9.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.9.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.9.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.10 Latin & Central America

9.10.1 Submarkets

9.10.1.1 RAN

9.10.1.2 Mobile Core

9.10.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.10.2 Vertical Markets

9.10.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.10.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.10.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.11 Middle East & Africa

9.11.1 Submarkets

9.11.1.1 RAN

9.11.1.2 Mobile Core

9.11.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.11.2 Vertical Markets

9.11.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.11.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.11.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.12 North America

9.12.1 Submarkets

9.12.1.1 RAN

9.12.1.2 Mobile Core

9.12.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.12.2 Vertical Markets

9.12.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.12.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.12.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

9.13 Western Europe

9.13.1 Submarkets

9.13.1.1 RAN

9.13.1.2 Mobile Core

9.13.1.3 Backhaul & Transport

9.13.2 Vertical Markets

9.13.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT

9.13.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments

9.13.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts

10 Chapter 10: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations

10.1 Why is the Market Poised to Grow?

10.2 Competitive Industry Landscape: Acquisitions, Consolidation & Strategic Alliances

10.3 Which Licensed Spectrum Bands Dominate the Market?

10.3.1 Sub-500 MHz Bands

10.3.2 700/800/900 MHz

10.3.3 1.4 – 3.8 GHz

10.3.4 Higher Frequencies

10.4 Evolving Regulatory Environment for Spectrum Licensing

10.5 Prospects of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Networks

10.6 Opportunities for Smaller Vendors & System Integrators

10.7 Opening the Door to Industrial & Mission/Business-Critical IoT Services

10.8 Delivering Ultra-Reliable, Low-Latency Wireless Connectivity for Industry 4.0

10.9 Creating Smarter Cities with Dedicated Wireless Networks

10.10 The Emergence of Private 5G Networks

10.11 Practical Examples of Private 5G Network Applications

10.11.1 UHD (Ultra-High Definition) Video Delivery

10.11.2 Connected Robotics for Factory Automation

10.11.3 Massive-Scale Sensor Networking

10.11.4 AR-Assisted Industrial Applications

10.11.5 VR-Based Military Training Programs

10.11.6 AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles)

10.11.7 Automated Cranes & Terminal Tractors

10.11.8 Remote Control of Heavy Construction Machinery

10.11.9 Drones for Mission-Critical Services

10.11.10 Teleprotection for Smart Grids

10.11.11 Port & Terminal Automation

10.11.12 5G-Equipped Robots for the Inspection of Gas Leaks

10.11.13 Smart Helmets for Critical Inspections

10.11.14 Predictive Pipe Maintenance

10.12 Continued Investments in Private LTE Networks for Public Safety & Critical Communications

10.13 When Will LTE & 5G NR Replace GSM-R for Railway Communications?

10.14 The Role of Mobile Operators

10.14.1 Operator Built & Managed Nationwide Public Safety Broadband Networks

10.14.2 Private MVNO Arrangements

10.14.3 Operator-Branded LTE/5G Critical Communications Platforms

10.14.4 Local Private LTE/5G Networks as a Managed Service

10.14.5 Private LTE/5G Data Processing with Edge Computing

10.14.6 Logical Slicing of Mobile Operator Network Assets

10.14.7 Dedicated Access to Licensed Spectrum

10.14.8 BYON (Build-Your-Own-Network) Solutions

10.15 The Importance of Roaming in Private LTE & 5G Networks

10.16 Neutral-Host & Wholesale Operators: New Business Models with Private LTE/5G Networks

10.17 Growing Adoption of Deployable LTE & 5G-Ready Systems

10.18 Strategic Recommendations

10.18.1 Vertical Industries & End Users

10.18.2 LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Suppliers

10.18.3 System Integrators

10.18.4 Commercial & Private Mobile Operators

List of Companies Mentioned

The following companies and organizations have been reviewed, discussed or mentioned in the report:

3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)

450 MHz Alliance

450connect

4K Solutions

5G PPP (5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership)

5GAA (5G Automotive Association)

5G-ACIA (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation)

5G-IA (5G Infrastructure Association)

7Layers

A1 Telekom Austria Group

Aaeon Technology

AAR (American Association of Railroad)

ABB

Abu Dhabi Police

Accelleran

Accenture

ACCF (Australasian Critical Communications Forum)

Accton Technology Corporation

Accuver

Ace Technologies Corporation

AceAxis

ACMA (Australian Communications and Media Authority)

Adax

Addis Ababa Light Rail

ADF (Australian Defence Force)

ADLINK Technology

ADNOC (Abu Dhabi National Oil Company)

ADR (Aeroporti di Roma)

ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)

ADTRAN

ADVA Optical Networking

Advantech

Advantech Wireless

Aegex Technologies

AEP Renewables

AeroMobile Communications

AeroVironment

Affarii Technologies

Affirmed Networks

Agnico Eagle

AGURRE (Association of Major Users of Operational Radio Networks, France)

Air France

Airbus

Airgain

Air-Lynx

Airrays

Airspan Networks

Airwavz Solutions

Ajman Police

AKOS (Agency for Communication Networks and Services of the Republic of Slovenia)

Alcobendas City Council

Alcom (Alands Telecommunications)

Alea/Talkway

Alepo

Alga Microwave

Alliander

Allied Telesis

Alpha Networks

Alpha Technologies

Alphabet

Alstom

Altaeros

Altair Semiconductor

ALTÁN Redes

Altice France

Altice USA

Altiostar Networks

Altran

Alvarion Technologies

AM Telecom

Amaggi

Amarisoft

Amazon

Ambra Solutions

Amdocs

Ameren Corporation

América Móvil

American Tower Corporation

Amit Wireless

Amphenol Corporation

An Garda Síochána (Irish National Police Service)

Anktion (Fujian) Technology

Anritsu Corporation

ANS (Advanced Network Services)

Antenna Company

Anterix (pdvWireless)

APCO (Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials) International

API (American Petroleum Institute)

APPA (American Public Power Association)

Apple

Aptel (Association of Proprietary Infrastructure and Private Telecommunications Systems Companies, Brazil)

Aptica

Aqura Technologies (Veris)

Arcadyan Technology Corporation

ARCEP (Autorité de Régulation des Communications Électroniques)

Archos

ARCIA (Australian Radio and Communications Industry Association)

Arete M

AREU (Azienda Regionale Emergenza Urgenza)

Argela/Netsia

ArgoNET

ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses, Japan)

ARM

Armasuisse (Federal Office for Defence Procurement, Switzerland)

Arqiva

ARRIS International

Arrow Energy

Artemis Networks

Artesyn Embedded Computing

Artiza Networks

ASELSAN

Askey Computer Corporation

ASOCS

Assured Wireless Corporation

Astellia

ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)

ASTRID

ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)

AT&T

Atel Antennas

Athonet

ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)

Atlas Telecom

ATN International

Atos

AttoCore

Ausgrid

Avanti Communications Group

AVI

Aviat Networks

AVX Corporation

AWWA (American Water Works Association)

Axon

Axxcelera Broadband Wireless

Axxcss Wireless Solutions

Azcom Technology

Azetti Networks

BABS/FOCP (Federal Office for Civil Protection, Switzerland)

BAE Systems

BAI Communications

Baicells Technologies

BAKOM/OFCOM (Federal Office of Communications, Switzerland)

BandRich

BandwidthX

Barrett Communications

BARTEC

BASE (Telenet)

BASF

BATM Advanced Communications

BATS (Broadband Antenna Tracking Systems)

Baylin Technologies

BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)

BBK Electronics Corporation

BC Hydro

BCE (Bell Canada)

BDBOS (Federal Agency for Public Safety Digital Radio, Germany)

BDEW (Federal Association of Energy and Water Industries, Germany)

Beach Energy

BEC Technologies

Beeline Armenia

Beeper Communications

Benetel

BesoVideo

BHP

Bilbao Metro

Billion Electric

Bird Technologies

Bittium Corporation

Black & Veatch

Black Box Corporation

Blackned

BLiNQ Networks

Blue Danube Systems

Blue Wireless

Bluebird

BLUnet (Axpo WZ-Systems)

BNetzA (Federal Network Agency, Germany)

BNPB (Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management).

Boingo Wireless

Boliden

Bombardier

Booz Allen Hamilton

BorgWarner

Bosch Rexroth

Bouygues Telecom

Boxchip

Brazilian Army

Bridgewave Communications

British Army

Broadcom

BroadForward

Broadpeak

BRTI (Indonesian Telecommunications Regulatory Authority)

BSNL

BT Group

BTG (Dutch Association of Large-Scale ICT & Telecommunications Users)

BTI Wireless

B-TrunC (Broadband Trunking Communication) Industry Alliance

Buenos Aires City Police

Bullitt

Bureau Veritas

Busan Transportation Corporation

BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems)

BYD

C Spire

CableFree (Wireless Excellence)

CableLabs

CACI International

CalAmp

Caltta

Cambium Networks

Cambridge Consultants

CAMET (China Association of Metros)

Canadian Army

CapX Nederland

Cargotec

Casa Systems

Casio Computer Company

Cat Phones (Caterpillar)

CBRS Alliance

CCI (Communication Components Inc.)

CCI Systems

CCN (Cirrus Core Networks)

CCSA (China Communications Standards Association)

CDE (Clarksville Department of Electricity) Lightband

CEA (Canadian Electricity Association)

CellAntenna Corporation

Cellcom

Cellnex Telecom

cellXica

Cemig (Companhia Energetica de Minas Gerais)

Centerline Communications

CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations)

Ceragon Networks

CFE (Comisión Federal de Electricidad)

Challenge Networks

Charter Communications

Chemring Technology Solutions

Cheytec Telecommunications

China Mobile

China Southern Power Grid

China Telecom

China Unicom

Chongqing Dima

CHPC (Cirtek Holdings Philippines Corporation)

Cibicom

CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group

Ciena Corporation

Cirpack

Cisco Systems

CITIC Pacific Mining

City of London Police

CK Hutchison Holdings

Claro

Cloudstreet

CLP Power Hong Kong

CN (Canadian National Railway Company)

CND (Core Network Dynamics)

CNOOC (China National Offshore Oil Corporation)

CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation)

Cobham Wireless

Codan Communications

Coherent Logix

Collinear Networks

Collins Aerospace

Colony Capital

Comba Telecom

Comcast Corporation

COMLAB

CommAgility

CommScope

Comrod Communication Group

Comtech Telecommunications Corporation

CONET Technologies

Connect Tech

Connectivity Wireless Solutions

Contela

Contour Networks

Coolpad

Copel (Companhia Paranaense de Energia)

Coriant

Cornet Technology

Corning

Cox Communications

CPqD (Center for Research and Development in Telecommunications, Brazil)

Cradlepoint

CRC (Communications Research Centre Canada)

Crown Castle International Corporation

CS Corporation

Cubic Corporation

Cubic Telecom

CybertelBridge

Daimler

Dali Wireless

Dalton Utilities

DAMM Cellular Systems

DART (Dallas Area Rapid Transit)

Datang Telecom Technology & Industry Group

DBcom

DDPS (Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport, Switzerland)

DEKRA

Dell Technologies

Delta/Agema

Deltenna

Dense Air

DEPEN (National Penitentiary Department, Brazil)

Dhaka Mass Transit Company

Dialogic

Digi International

Digital Bridge Holdings

Digital Colony/Freshwave Group

D-Link Corporation

DMI

Dongguan Electric Power Company

DragonWave-X

DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada)

Druid Software

DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance)

DSB (Directorate for Civil Protection, Norway)

DSTL (Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, United Kingdom)

DT (Deutsche Telekom)

Dublin City Council

Duke Energy Corporation

Duons

Durabook (Twinhead International Corporation)

Dynabook

e.GO Mobile

EA Networks (Electricity Ashburton)

Easycom (Shenzhen Easycom Electronics)

E-Band Communications

EchoStar Corporation

ECI Telecom

Ecom Instruments

Ecotel

ECT (Hutchison Ports ECT Rotterdam)

EDF (Électricité de France)

EDF Energy

EDP (Energias de Portugal)

EEI (Edison Electric Institute)

EF Johnson Technologies

EION Wireless

Ekinops

Elbit Systems

Elefante Group

Elektro

Elisa

Elistair

Elta Systems

ELUON Corporation

Embraer

EMERCOM (Ministry for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief, Russia)

Emerson

ENA (Energy Networks Association)

Encore Networks

Enel Distribución Río

Enel Group

ENENSYS Technologies

Energex

EnerSys

Enexis

ENLETS (European Network of Law Enforcement Technology Services)

ENTELEC (Energy Telecommunications and Electrical Association)

Epiroc

ERA (European Union Agency for Railways)

Ericsson

Erillisverkot (State Security Networks Group, Finland)

EsalqTec

Esharah Etisalat Security Solutions

Eskom

Essential Products

Estalky (K-Mobile Technology)

ETELM

eTera Communication/Sinotech R&D Group

Etherstack

Ethertronics

Etisalat

ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea)

ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

Etteplan

Eurona Wireless Telecom

EUTC (European Utilities Telecom Council)

EWA (Enterprise Wireless Alliance)

Excelerate Group

EXFO

Expeto

Exprivia

Expway

ExRobotics

ExteNet Systems

Eyecom Telecommunications Group

FAB (Brazilian Air Force)

Facebook

Fairspectrum

Fairwaves

Fastback Networks (CBF Networks)

FAW Group

FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)

Federal Police of Mexico

Federated Wireless

FedEx

Fenix Group

FFI (Defence Research Establishment, Norway)

FiberHome Technologies

Fibocom Wireless

Finavia

FinnHEMS (Finnish Helicopter Emergency Medical Services)

Finnish Border Guard

Finnish Defence Forces

FirstNet (First Responder Network) Authority

Flash Private Mobile Networks

Flightcell International

Foshan Power Supply Bureau

FPInnovations

Fraunhofer FOKUS (Institute for Open Communication Systems)

Fraunhofer HHI (Heinrich Hertz Institute)

Fraunhofer IIS (Institute for Integrated Circuits)

Fraunhofer IPT (Institute for Production Technology)

French Army

French Ministry of Defense

French Ministry of Interior

French National Gendarmerie

French National Police

Frequentis

FRTek

Fujian BelFone Communications Technology

Fujitsu

Funk-Electronic Piciorgros

Funkwerk

Future Technologies Venture

Galtronics Corporation

GCF (Global Certification Forum)

GCT Semiconductor

GE (General Electric)

Gemalto

Gemtek Technology

Genaker

General Dynamics Mission Systems

GenXComm

Geotab

Geoverse

German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr)

Getac Technology Corporation

Gilat Satellite Networks

Glencore Coal

Globalstar

GO Internet

Gogo

Gold Fields

Goodman Networks

Goodmill Systems

Google

Green Packet

GRENTECH

Groupe ADP (Aéroport de Paris)

GroupTalk

GSI (GS Instech)/GST (GS Teletech)

Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau

GWT (Global Wireless Technologies)

GWTCA (Government Wireless Technology & Communications Association)

Haikou Electric Power Bureau

Hainan Power Grid Company

Halton Regional Police Service

Halys

Handheld Group

Hanjin Newport

HAPSMobile

Harbor Max

Harwich International Port

HBFEC (Hebei Far East Communication System Engineering)

HCL Technologies

Heathrow Airport Holdings

Heathrow Commercial Telecoms

HFR

HiSilicon

HISPASAT Group

Hitachi

Hitachi Rail STS

HKT

HMD Global

Hoimyung ICT

Home Office, United Kingdom

Hon Hai Precision Industry/Foxconn Technology Group

Honeywell International

Hong Kong Police Force

Hoverfly Technologies

HPA (Hamburg Port Authority)

HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

HTC Corporation

Huawei

Hub One

Huber+Suhner

Hughes Network Systems

Hungarian Ministry of Interior

Hunter Technology

Huntsville Police Department

Hydro-Québec

Hytera Communications

Hytera Mobilfunk

IAI (Israel Aerospace Industries)

Iberdrola

IBM Corporation

IB-RED

iBwave Solutions

Ice Group

Ice Norge

Icom

ICT (Islamabad Capital Territory)

IDEMIA

IDF (Israel Defense Forces)

IDY Corporation

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

IgniteNet

IGOF (International Governmental Operators’ Forum)

IIJ (Internet Initiative Japan)

Imaginet International

IMDA (Info-communications Media Development Authority of Singapore)

IMPTT

IMSWorkX

Indian Army

Indra

INET (Infrastructure Networks)

Infinera

Infomark Corporation

Infovista

Inmarsat

Innogy

InnoWireless

Inrico (Shenzhen Inrico Electronics)

Inseego Corporation

Instant Connect

Intel Corporation

Intelsat

InterDigital

Internal Security Forces, Lebanon

Interop Technologies

Intracom Telecom

IoT4Net

ip.access

IPITEK (Integrated Photonics Technology)

IPLOOK Networks

Iradio Electronics

Iridium Communications

IRIS (Red Nacional de Radiocomunicación de Misión Crítica Tetrapol)

Isala Klinieken Hospital

ISC (International Speedway Corporation)

ISCO International

ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

Iskratel

Israel Police

Israel Railways

IS-Wireless

Italian Army

Italian Ministry of Interior

Italtel

ITELAZPI

ITRI (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan)

ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

IWT (Innovative Wireless Technologies)

Jaton Technology

Jazz (Pakistan Mobile Communications)

JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)

JEMS (Japan EM Solutions)

JMA Wireless

Jordanian Armed Forces

JRC (Japan Radio Company)

JRC (Joint Radio Company)

Juni Global

Juniper Networks

JVCKENWOOD Corporation

Kalmar

Kantonspolizei Zürich (Cantonal Police of Zurich)

Kapsch CarrierCom

Kathrein Mobile Communication (Ericsson)

KBR

KCC (Korea Communications Commission)

Kenyan Police Service

Key Bridge Wireless

Keysight Technologies

Kirisun Communications

Kisan Telecom

Klas Telecom

Klein Electronics

Kleos

KMA (Korea Military Academy)

KMBG (Dutch Critical Mobile Broadband Users) Expert Group

KMW

Kodiak Networks

Komatsu

Konecranes

Koning & Hartman

Kontron

KPCN (Korps Politie Caribisch Nederland)

KPN

KPN Critical Communications

KRNA (Korea Rail Network Authority)

KRRI (Korea Railroad Research Institute)

KT Corporation

Kudelski Group

KUKA

Kumu Networks

K-Won

Kymeta Corporation

Kyocera Corporation

Kyrio

L&T (Larsen & Toubro)

L3Harris Technologies

Land Rover Explore

Landmark Dividend

LCR Embedded Systems

Leidos

Lemko Corporation

Lenovo

Leonardo

LG Chem

LG CNS

LG Corporation

LG Electronics

LG Innotek

LG Uplus

LGS Innovations

Ligado Networks

Lime Microsystems

Lisheng Fujian Communications

LMCC (Land Mobile Communications Council)

Lociva

Lockheed Martin Corporation

LoJack

Longsung Technology

LS telcom

M/C Partners

M87

Madagascar National Police

Marlink Group

Martin UAV

Marubeni

Marvell Technology Group

Masmovil

Mavenir Systems

MCMC (Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission)

McWane

MediaTek

MegaFon

Mellanox Technologies

MER Group

Mercedes-Benz Cars

Metaswitch Networks

Metro Network Services

MIC (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan)

Microlab

Microsoft Corporation

Microwave Networks

MIIT (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China)

Mimosa Networks

Minas Gerais State Military Police

Ministry of Citizen Protection & Public Order, Greece

Ministry of Interior and Security, Côte d'Ivoire

Ministry of National Security, Trinidad & Tobago

Ministry of Public Security, Madagascar

MitraStar Technology Corporation

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

MMG

MND (Ministry of National Defense, South Korea)

Mobile Tornado

MobileDemand

Mobilicom

Mobilitie

Modular Mining Systems

MOF (Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, South Korea)

MOIS (Ministry of the Interior and Safety, South Korea)

MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport, South Korea)

Moscow Police

Motorola Mobility

Motorola Solutions

MP Antenna

MPA (Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore)

MPF (Mauritius Police Force)

MRC (Mobile Radio Center)

MSB (Civil Contingencies Agency, Sweden)

MT (Mauritius Telecom)

MTC (Ministry of Transport and Communications, Peru)

MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.)

MTN Group

MTS (Mobile TeleSystems)

MulteFire Alliance

Multi-Tech Systems

Mushroom Networks

Mutualink

MVM Group

MVM NET

MYT Electronics

N.A.T.

NAKIT (National Agency for Communication, Czech Republic)

Nash Technologies

National Guard of the Russian Federation

National Police of Colombia

National Police of Peru

National Police of the Netherlands

Naval Group (DCNS)

NBA (National Basketball Association)

NEC Corporation

Nedaa

Nemergent Solutions

Neoenergia

Neolink Communications Technology

Neptune Mobile

Neste

Net1 International

Net1 PH

Net1 Sweden (Netett Sverige)

Netas

NetCity (GEOS Telecom/GEOS Holding)

NetComm Wireless

Netgear

NetGenuity

NetMotion Software

NetNumber

NETSCOUT Systems

Neutral Connect Networks

New Postcom Equipment

New Zealand Police

Newport Utilities

Nextivity

NFL (National Football League)

NI (National Instruments)

Nigeria Police Force

Nkom (Norwegian Communications Authority)

Node-H

Nokia

Nominet

Nordic Telecom

Norsat International

Northern Michigan University

Northern Star Resources

Northrop Grumman Corporation

Norwegian Police Service

NRECA (National Rural Electric Cooperative Association)

NS (Nederlandse Spoorwegen)

Nsight

NSW (New South Wales) Telco Authority

NU Connect

Nubia Technology

NuRAN Wireless

Nutaq Innovation

NVision Group

NXP Semiconductors

Ocado

Oceus Networks

Octasic

ODN (Orbital Data Network)

Ofcom (Office of Communications, United Kingdom)

OMA (Open Mobile Alliance)

Oman Royal Office

Omnitele

ONCF (Moroccan National Railway Office)

One2many

OneAccess

OnePlus

OneWeb

Ooredoo

OPPO

Optus

Oracle Communications

Orange

Orange Belgium

Orange Poland

Origin Energy

Orion Labs

Ørsted

OSRAM

Ożarowice Government

PacStar (Pacific Star Communications)

Panasonic Avionics Corporation

Panasonic Corporation

Panda Electronics

Panorama Antennas

Parallel Wireless

Parks Canada

Parsons Corporation

Pavlov Media

PCCW

PCTEL

PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory)

PEA (Provincial Electricity Authority, Thailand)

Peel Regional Police

Pei Tel Communications

Peiker

Pemex (Petróleos Mexicanos)

Pentonet

Pepperl+Fuchs

Pepro

Perspecta Labs

Petrobras (Petroleo Brasileiro)

PetroChina

PGA Tour

PGE Systemy

PHAZR

Philippine Red Cross

Phluido

Pierson Wireless

Pixavi

PLA (People's Liberation Army)

Plover Bay Technologies (Peplink/Pepwave)

PMN (Private Mobile Networks)

PoCStar (Shanli Tongyi Information Technology)

Polaris Networks

Polizia di Stato (State Police, Italy)

Port of Durban

Port of Felixstowe

Port of HaminaKotka

Port of Immingham

Port of Kokkola

Port of Oulu

Port of Qingdao

Port of Rotterdam Authority

Potevio

PRESCOM

PrioCom

Proximus

PSBTA (Public Safety Broadband Technology Association)

PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority)

PSCE (Public Safety Communications Europe)

PSTA (Public Safety Technology Alliance)

PTA (Public Transport Authority) of Western Australia

PTI (Persistent Telecom Inc.)

Public Safety Canada

Publicis Sapient

Puloli

Pulse Electronics

Qatar Armed Forces

Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior)

QCT (Quanta Cloud Technology)

Qinetiq

QuadGen Wireless Solutions

Qualcomm

Quanta Computer

Quantum Wireless

Qucell

Quectel Wireless Solutions

Quintel

Qulsar

Quortus

RAC (Railway Association of Canada)

RACOM Corporation

RAD Data Communications

Radio IP Software

Radisys Corporation

RADWIN

RAF (Royal Air Force)

Rafael Advanced Defense Systems

Rai Way

RailTel/Indian Railways

Raizen

Rajant Corporation

Range Networks

RATP Group

Raycap

Raytheon Company

Realme

Rearden

Red Hat

Red Rover

RED Technologies

REDCOM Laboratories

Redline Communications

Reliance Industries

REMEC Broadband Wireless Networks

Repsol

RESCAN (Canary Islands Network for Emergency and Security)

Rescue 42/PodRunner

Resolute Forest Products (Produits Forestiers Resolu)

RF Window

RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)

Ribbon Communications

RIKS (State Infocommunication Foundation, Estonia)

Rio de Janeiro Fire Department

Rio Tinto Group

RIVA Networks

Rivada Networks

Rivas Vaciamadrid City Council

Robert Bosch

Robustel

Rogers Communications

Rohde & Schwarz

Rohill

ROK (Republic of Korea) Army

ROKAF (Republic of Korea Air Force)

ROP (Royal Oman Police)

Rosenberger

Rostelecom

Roy Hill Holdings

Royal Dutch Shell

Royal Thai Police

RTRS (Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network)

RTX A/S

Ruckus Networks

RugGear

Ruijie Networks

Rush University Medical Center

Russian Army

Russian Ministry of Defense

Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs

Russian Railways

RWG (Rotterdam World Gateway)

S&T

Saab

SAF (Singapore Armed Forces)

Safari Telecom

Safaricom

SafeMobile

Safe-Net Forum

Safer Buildings Coalition

Safran

SAGE SatCom

SAI Technology

SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation)

Samji Electronics

Samsung

Sandvik

Sanjole

Santos

São Paulo State Military Police

Saudi Aramco

Saudi MOI (Ministry of Interior)

SBA Communications Corporation

Scania

SCF (Small Cell Forum)

Schneider Electric

SCRF (State Commission for Radio Frequencies, Russia)

SDG&E (San Diego Gas & Electric Company)

Seamless Air Alliance

Secure Chorus

Sempra Energy

Seoul Metro

Seowon Intech

Sepura

Sequans Communications

Serbian Ministry of Interior

Sercomm Corporation

SES

SETAR

Sevis Systems

SFR

SGCC (State Grid Corporation of China)

SGP (Société du Grand Paris)

SGS

Shanghai Pearl Oriental Group

Shanghai Police Department

Sharp Corporation

Shentel (Shenandoah Telecommunications Company)

Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau

Shenzhen Recoda Technologies

Shift2Rail

SHR (Shuohuang Railway)

SIAE Microelettronica

Siemens

Siemens Mobility

Sierra Wireless

Signal Information & Communication Corporation

Siklu Communication

Silicom SAS (France)

SIMCom Wireless Solutions

Simoco Wireless Solutions

Sinclair Technologies

Singapore Police Force

Singtel

SiRRAN Communications

Sitarail

SITRONICS

Siyata Mobile/Uniden

SK Telecom

SK Telesys

SLA Corporation/ESChat

SLC (Secure Land Communications)

Slovenian Ministry of Public Administration

SM Optics

Smart Cities Council

Smart Communications

SMART Global Holdings

Smartfren

SmarTone

SmartSky Networks

SNCF (French National Railways)

SoftBank Group

Softil

SOLiD

Soliton Systems

Sonim Technologies

Sony Corporation

Sony Mobile Communications

Sooktha

South32

Southern Adriatic Sea Port Authority

Southern Company

Southern Linc

Space Data Corporation

Spanish Army

Spanish Ministry of Interior

Spectra Group

Speedcast International

SpiderCloud Wireless

SPIE Group

Spirent Communications

Sporton International

Sprint Corporation

SRS (Software Radio Systems)

ST Engineering iDirect

ST Engineering Land Systems

Stadtpolizei Zürich (Zurich City Police)

Star Microwave

Star Solutions

STC (Saudi Telecom Company)

STC Specialized (Bravo)

STEALTH Concealment Solutions

Stedin

Steep

Steveco

STI (Sampoerna Telekomunikasi Indonesia)

STMicroelectronics

sTraffic

StrattoOpencell

StreamWIDE

STS (Special Telecommunication Service, Romania)

Sumitomo Electric Industries

Sunrise Communications

Sunsea AIoT

SuperCom

Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless)

Swedish Armed Forces

Swedish Ministry of Justice

Swedish Police Authority

Swisscom

Swisscom Broadcast

Syniverse Technologies

Sysoco

System Innovation Group

T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics)

TacSat Networks

Tait Communications

Talk-IP International

Talkpod Technology

Tampa Microwave

Tampnet

Tango Networks

Taoglas

TASSTA

Tata Elxsi

TCCA (The Critical Communications Association)

TCL Communication (TCL/Alcatel/BlackBerry)

TCOM

TD Tech

Tech Mahindra

Technicolor

Técnicas Competitivas

Tecom

Tecore Networks

TEKTELIC Communications

Tel Aviv Light Rail

Telco Systems

Teldat

Tele2 Russia/SkyLink

Telecom26

Telefónica Deutschland

Telefónica Group

Telenor Group

Telenor Maritime

Telent Technology Services

Telespazio

TeleWare

Teleworld Solutions

Telia Company

Telit Communications

Tellabs

Telo Systems Corporation

Telrad Networks

Telstra

Teltronic

Telus

TEN (Texas Energy Network)

Teracom Group

TESSCO Technologies/Ventev

Thales

Three UK

TI (Texas Instruments)

TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)

Tillman Infrastructure

TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile)

TIM Brasil

TLC Solutions

T-Mobile US

TOKIE Solutions/Irvees Technology

Tokyo Metro

Toshiba Corporation

TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India)

Transit Wireless

Transnet

Trópico

TSDSI (Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India)

T-Systems

TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea)

TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee, Japan)

Turk Telekom

Turkcell

Turkish National Police Force

Twilio

Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service

U.S. Air Force

U.S. Army

U.S. Cellular

U.S. Coast Guard

U.S. Department of Commerce

U.S. DHS (Department of Homeland Security)

U.S. DOD (Department of Defense)

U.S. DOE (Department of Energy)

U.S. FCC (Federal Communications Commission)

U.S. Marines Corps

U.S. Navy

U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

U.S. NPSTC (National Public Safety Telecommunications Council)

U.S. NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

U.S. NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration)

UANGEL

UBBA (Utility Broadband Alliance)

Ubicquia

U-Blox

UGL

UIC (International Union of Railways)

UK Broadband

Ukkoverkot

UMC (University Medical Centre) Utrecht

UN (United Nations)

UNIFE (The European Rail Supply Industry Association)

UNIMO Technology

Unisoc

UniStrong

United Kingdom MoD (Ministry of Defence)

United Technologies Corporation

URSYS

USSOCOM (U.S. Special Operations Command)

UTC (Utilities Technology Council)

UTCAL (Utilities Telecom & Technology Council América Latina)

Utility (Utility Associates)

Utility Connect

Vanu

Vattenfall

VDE (Association for Electrical, Electronic & Information Technologies, Germany)

VEON

Verizon Communications

Vertical Bridge

Verveba Telecom

VHA (Vodafone Hutchison Australia)

Viasat

Viavi Solutions

Victoria Police

Vientiane Municipal Government

Vientiane Municipal Police

VINCI Energies

VinSmart/Vingroup

Virtualnetcom/VNC (Virtual Network Communications)

Vislink Technologies

Vital (New Zealand)

Vivint Internet

Vivo

VKU (Association of Local Public Utilities, Germany)

VMware

VNL (Vihaan Networks Limited)

Vodacom Group

Vodafone Germany

Vodafone Group

Vodafone New Zealand

Voentelecom

Volkswagen Group

Volvo CE (Construction Equipment)

Voxer

Voyage Auto

VR Group (Finnish State Railways)

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

VVDN Technologies

Vy Group

Wave Wireless

Wavetel Technology

Westell Technologies

Western Power Distribution

WH Bence Group

Widelity

WIG (Wireless Infrastructure Group)

Wildox (Shenzhen Happy Technology)

WiMAX Forum

Wind Tre

WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum)

Wipro

Wireless Logic Group

Wireless Technologies Finland

Wireless Telecom Group

WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)

Wouxun (Quanzhou Wouxun Electronics)

WTL (World Telecom Labs)

Wytec International

XCOM

XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum

Xiaomi Corporation

Xilinx

XipLink

Yageo Corporation

Yanton (Quanzhou Yanton Electronics)

Yokogawa Electric Corporation

Yongin Severance Hospital

YUHS (Yonsei University Health System)

Yunnan Electric Power Company

Zain Saudi Arabia

Z-Com

Zcomax Technologies

Zebra Technologies

Zello

ZenFi Networks

Zetel Solutions

Zetron

Zhengzhou Metro

Zhuhai Power Supply Bureau

ZII (Zodiac Inflight Innovations)

Zinwave

Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology)

ZTE

Zyxel Communications Corporation

The Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts

SNS Worldwide Ltd. 2023