Synopsis

With the commercial availability of 3GPP-standards compliant MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data), HPUE (High-Power User Equipment), IOPS (Isolated Operation for Public Safety) and other critical communications features, LTE and 5G NR (New Radio) networks are increasingly gaining recognition as an all-inclusive public safety communications platform for the delivery of real-time video, high-resolution imagery, multimedia messaging, mobile office/field data applications, location services and mapping, situational awareness, unmanned asset control and other broadband capabilities, as well as MCPTT (Mission-Critical PTT) voice and narrowband data services provided by traditional LMR (Land Mobile Radio) systems. Through ongoing refinements of additional standards – specifically 5G MBS/5MBS (5G Multicast-Broadcast Services), 5G NR sidelink for off-network D2D (Device-to-Device) communications, NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) integration, and support for lower 5G NR bandwidths – 3GPP networks are eventually expected to be in a position to fully replace legacy LMR systems by the late 2020s. National public safety communications authorities in multiple countries have already expressed a willingness to complete their planned narrowband to broadband transitions within the second half of the 2020 decade.

A myriad of fully dedicated, hybrid government-commercial and secure MVNO/MOCN-based public safety LTE and 5G-ready networks are operational or in the process of being rolled out throughout the globe. The high-profile FirstNet (First Responder Network) and South Korea’s Safe-Net (National Disaster Safety Communications Network) nationwide public safety broadband networks have been successfully implemented. Although Britain’s ESN (Emergency Services Network) project has been hampered by a series of delays, many other national-level programs have made considerable headway in moving from field trials to wider scale deployments – most notably, New Zealand's NGCC (Next-Generation Critical Communications) public safety network, France's RRF (Radio Network of the Future), Italy's public safety LTE service, Spain's SIRDEE mission-critical broadband network, Finland's VIRVE 2.0 broadband service, Sweden's Rakel G2 secure broadband system and Hungary's EDR 2.0/3.0 broadband network. Nationwide initiatives in the pre-operational phase include but are not limited to Switzerland's MSK (Secure Mobile Broadband Communications) system, Norway's Nytt Nødnett, Germany's planned hybrid broadband network for BOS (German Public Safety Organizations), Netherlands' NOOVA (National Public Order & Security Architecture) program, Japan's PS-LTE (Public Safety LTE) project, Australia's PSMB (Public Safety Mobile Broadband) program and Canada's national PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) initiative. 

Other operational and planned deployments range from the Halton-Peel region PSBN in Canada's Ontario province, New South Wales' state-based PSMB solution, China's city and district-wide Band 45 (1.4 GHz) LTE networks for police forces, Hong Kong's 700 MHz mission-critical broadband network, Royal Thai Police’s Band 26 (800 MHz) LTE network, Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior), ROP (Royal Oman Police), Abu Dhabi Police and Nedaa's mission-critical LTE networks in the oil-rich GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region, Brazil's state-wide LTE networks for both civil and military police agencies, Barbados' Band 14 (700 MHz) LTE-based connectivity service platform, Zambia's 400 MHz broadband trunking system and Mauritania's public safety LTE network for urban security in Nouakchott to local and regional-level private LTE networks for first responders in markets as diverse as Laos, Indonesia, the Philippines, Pakistan, Lebanon, Egypt, Kenya, Ghana, Cote D'Ivoire, Cameroon, Mali, Madagascar, Mauritius, Canary Islands, Spain, Turkey, Serbia, Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and Trinidad & Tobago, as well as multi-domain critical communications broadband networks such as MRC's (Mobile Radio Center) LTE-based advanced MCA digital radio system in Japan, and secure MVNO platforms in Mexico, Belgium, Netherlands, Slovenia, Estonia and several other countries.

Even though critical public safety-related 5G NR capabilities defined in the 3GPP's Release 17 and 18 specifications are yet to be commercialized, public safety agencies have already begun experimenting with 5G for applications that can benefit from the technology's high-bandwidth and low-latency characteristics.  For example, the Lishui Municipal Emergency Management Bureau is using private 5G slicing over China Mobile's network, portable cell sites and rapidly deployable communications vehicles as part of a disaster management and visualization system. 

In neighboring Taiwan, the Kaohsiung City Police Department relies on end-to-end network slicing over a standalone 5G network to support license plate recognition and other use cases requiring the real-time transmission of high-resolution images. The Hsinchu City Fire Department's emergency response vehicle can be rapidly deployed to disaster zones to establish high-bandwidth, low-latency emergency communications using a satellite-backhauled private 5G network based on Open RAN standards. The Norwegian Air Ambulance is adopting a similar private 5G-based NOW (Network-on-Wheels) system for enhancing situational awareness during search and rescue operations.

In addition, first responder agencies in Germany, Japan and several other markets are beginning to utilize mid-band and mmWave (Millimeter Wave) spectrum available for local area licensing to deploy portable and small-scale 5G NPNs (Non-Public Networks) to support applications such as UHD (Ultra-High Definition) video surveillance, control of unmanned firefighting vehicles, reconnaissance robots and drones. In the near future, we also expect to see rollouts of localized 5G NR systems – including direct mode communications – for incident scene management and related use cases, potentially using up to 50 MHz of Band n79 spectrum in the 4.9 GHz frequency range (4,940-4,990 MHz), which has been designated for public safety use in multiple countries including but not limited to the United States, Canada, Australia, Malaysia and Qatar.

SNS Telecom & IT estimates that annual investments in public safety LTE/5G infrastructure and devices reached $4.3 Billion in 2023, driven by both new projects and the expansion of existing dedicated, hybrid government-commercial and secure MVNO/MOCN networks. Complemented by an expanding ecosystem of public safety-grade LTE/5G devices, the market will further grow at a CAGR of approximately 10% over the next three years, eventually accounting for more than $5.7 Billion by the end of 2026. Despite the positive outlook, some significant challenges continue to plague the market. The most noticeable pain point is the lack of a D2D communications capability. 

The ProSe (Proximity Services) chipset ecosystem failed to materialize in the LTE era due to limited support from chipmakers and terminal OEMs. However, the 5G NR sidelink interface offers a clean slate opportunity to introduce direct mode D2D communications for public safety broadband users, as well as coverage expansion in both on-network and off-network scenarios using UE-to-network and UE-to-UE relays respectively. Recent demonstrations of 5G NR sidelink-enabled MCX services by the likes of Qualcomm have generated renewed confidence in 3GPP technology for direct mode communications.

Until recently, another barrier impeding the market was the non-availability of cost-optimized RAN equipment and terminals that support operation in spectrum reserved for PPDR (Public Protection & Disaster Relief) communications – most notably Band 68 (698-703 / 753-758 MHz), which has been allocated for PPDR broadband systems in several national markets across Europe, including France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Spain, Italy, Estonia, Bulgaria and Cyprus. Other countries such as Greece, Hungary, Romania, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands and Belgium are also expected to make this assignment. Since the beginning of 2023, multiple suppliers – including Ericsson, Nokia, Teltronic and CROSSCALL – have introduced support for Band 68.

The “Public Safety LTE & 5G Market: 2023 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts” report presents an in-depth assessment of the public safety LTE and 5G market, including the value chain, market drivers, barriers to uptake, enabling technologies, operational models, application scenarios, key trends, future roadmap, standardization, spectrum availability/allocation, regulatory landscape, case studies, ecosystem player profiles and strategies. The report also presents global and regional market size forecasts from 2023 to 2030, covering public safety LTE/5G infrastructure, terminal equipment, applications, systems integration and management solutions, as well as subscriptions and service revenue.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report, as well as a list and associated details of over 1,300 global public safety LTE/5G engagements – as of Q1’2024.

Pricing

The report is available for the following price: 

• Single User License: USD 2,500

• Company Wide License: USD 3,500

Purchase/Sample Request

To request a sample or to purchase the report, please contact info@snstelecom.com 

Summary of Recent Market Developments

Some of the recent, ongoing and planned public safety broadband deployments are summarized below:

• North America

  • AT&T has surpassed 99% of its Band 14 (700 MHz) coverage target for the FirstNet nationwide public safety broadband communications platform and is continuing to extend the reach of the network using purpose-built Band 14 cell sites, in-building wireless coverage enhancement solutions, and deployable network assets for on-demand coverage during emergencies and events. In addition, the mobile operator is progressively expanding 5G NR access for first responders using upgraded dedicated core network infrastructure and commercial mmWave, mid-band and low-band spectrum. 

  • Rival operator Verizon Communications has recently showcased network slicing-based dynamic resource provisioning capabilities over its commercial 5G network to enhance real-time situational awareness for law enforcement personnel under both network congestion and cell edge conditions. Verizon's wider portfolio for first responders ranges from network priority, preemption and interoperability solutions to on-demand, emergency assistance – including transportable communications equipment such as COWs (Cells-on-Wheels), COLTs (Cells-on-Light Trucks) and SPOTs (Satellite Picocells-on-Trailers).

  • In Canada, the Halton-Peel Region public safety LTE network – which consists of a shared geo-redundant mobile core implementation and regional RANs (Radio Access Networks) with 24 LTE cell sites – covers more than 2.5 Million of Ontario's population across the Halton and Peel regional municipalities of the Greater Toronto Area. Rapidly deployable LTE/5G-ready networks are also being utilized for public safety broadband communications in British Columbia, Yukon and other provinces and territories.

  • On a national level, Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments have been working towards an interoperable PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) for several years. The program's TNCO (Temporary National Coordination Office) – which concluded its two-year mandate in 2020 and published its final report in 2022 – has recommended that the country's planned PSBN be delivered as a single nationwide platform using a shared network approach.

• Asia Pacific

  • The Australian federal government's NEMA (National Emergency Management Agency) within the Department of Home Affairs is leading a program to develop a nationally interoperable PSMB (Public Safety Mobile Broadband) capability in consultation with all states and territories. The program has aligned on a preferred PSMB solution that would use a dedicated public safety core connected to the RAN infrastructure of all three public mobile operator networks.

  • As a consequence of national program delays, the NSW (New South Wales) government is funding a program under its own management to deliver a state-based PSMB solution. To this end, the NSW Telco Authority has closed an RFI (Request for Information) which has sought solution and pricing responses for the PSMB implementation.

  • In collaboration with Vocus, the NSW Telco Authority has recently demonstrated a drone-based mobile network solution for disaster relief connectivity. The LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite-connected solution provides terrestrial 4G/5G and two-way radio coverage across an area up to 28 square kilometers. 

  • NGCC (Next-Generation Critical Communications) – a cross-agency entity – is responsible for developing New Zealand's new public safety network on behalf of New Zealand Police, Fire and Emergency New Zealand, Wellington Free Ambulance, and St John New Zealand. The program consists of three complementary elements: a nationwide digital LMR system, priority cellular broadband and roaming services for critical communications, and personal alerting technology.

  • In China, city and district-wide Band 45 (1.4 GHz) private LTE networks are continuing to be deployed for police forces and other government users. Additionally, CBN (China Broadcasting Network) plans to deploy a 700 MHz mission-critical broadband service for public safety communications across mainland China. 

  • 5G-enabled PPDR broadband solutions are also beginning to emerge. For example, China Telecom has built a private 5G network for smart city and public security applications in Shenzhen's Nanshan district while the Lishui Municipal Emergency Management Bureau is using portable cell sites and private 5G slicing over China Mobile's network as part of a disaster management and visualization system. 

  • The Government of Hong Kong is engaged in efforts to deploy a 700 MHz mission-critical broadband network to support PTT, video and data services for the Hong Kong Police Force and other public safety organizations. The police force has previously conducted multiple field trials of dedicated public safety LTE networks using RAN equipment operating in 700 MHz and 450 MHz frequencies.

  • Taiwan's Kaohsiung City Police Department relies on end-to-end network slicing over a standalone 5G network to support license plate recognition and other use cases requiring the real-time transmission of high-resolution images. The Hsinchu City Fire Department is using an emergency response vehicle that can be rapidly deployed to disaster zones to establish high-bandwidth, low-latency emergency communications by means of a satellite-backhauled private 5G network based on Open RAN standards.

  • Japan's MIC (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications)   is continuing to make progress with application demonstrations of the country's so-called national PS-LTE (Public Safety LTE) project. IIJ (Internet Initiative Japan) has recently launched a PS-LTE MVNO service for police, fire departments and other first responder agencies. The MRC's (Mobile Radio Center) 900 MHz LTE-based advanced MCA digital radio system is another connectivity platform for critical communications. 

  • Several 2.5 GHz regional BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) networks have also been deployed in cities across Japan to support PPDR-related applications. In addition, a number of projects are utilizing local 5G networks – operating in 4.6-4.9 GHz and 28 GHz spectrum – for public safety applications such as UHD video surveillance.

  • Following the successful nationwide rollout of the LTE-based Band 28 (700 MHz) Safe-Net national disaster safety communications network for the KNPA (Korean National Police Agency), NFA (National Fire Agency), local governments and other first responder organizations, South Korean authorities are actively exploring possible options for the introduction of public safety-grade 5G connectivity services.

  • In Thailand, NT (National Telecom) has designed and deployed an Open RAN standards-compliant private 5G network in Ban Chang (Rayong) for smart city-related applications, including AI (Artificial Intelligence)-based video analytics for public safety purposes while the Royal Thai Police operates its own Band 26 (800 MHz) LTE network to support integrated voice, video and broadband data services.

• Europe

  • Britain's planned transition from the Airwave TETRA network to the 3GPP-based ESN (Emergency Service Network) has been hampered by a series of delays. Following the withdrawal of the ESN's user services provider Motorola Solutions, the Home Office is due to award a $1.1 Billion contract to a new supplier for the provision of a 3GPP-compliant MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) solution, dual-mode 4G/5G standalone mobile core infrastructure, certification services for third-party devices and systems, enterprise mobility management, customer support, service management and end-to-end system integration.

  • The PSNI (Police Service of Northern Ireland), which manages its own TETRA-based radio communications network, is considering plans for the deployment of a public safety broadband network using Band 28 (700 MHz) and 800/900 MHz spectrum. The United Kingdom's national telecommunications regulator Ofcom (Office of Communications) is yet to make a decision regarding the allocation of the proposed spectrum bands to the PSNI.

  • The incremental rollout of France's RRF (Radio Network of the Future) has commenced with the creation of the network's operating agency ACMOSS (Agency for Operational Security & Rescue Mobile Communications) and the activation of core network servers. The nationwide public safety broadband network – which will initially serve territories hosting the 2024 Olympics – will be built on a dedicated core network, RAN coverage from commercial mobile operators with priority, preemption and national roaming, state-owned 700 MHz RAN infrastructure in strategic locations, and rapidly deployable tactical bubbles pioneered by the PCSTORM project. 

  • As part of the Hi5 (High Connectivity via 5G) project, Toulouse Métropole has deployed a multi-service private 5G network for municipal services, including public safety use cases such as group communications for police officers, firefighters and paramedics during major public events such as the Rugby World Cup 2023 and real-time analysis of video streams to improve security.

  • Germany's BDBOS (Federal Agency for Public Safety Digital Radio) plans to deploy a hybrid broadband network for BOS (German Public Safety Organizations) using dedicated sub-1 GHz spectrum. The federal agency has also set up a broadband development environment, which features LTE and 5G campus network infrastructure in both stationary and mobile variants as well as support for MCX services and interworking with TETRA.

  • In addition, multiple first responder agencies are independently evaluating the use of portable 5G NPNs (Non-Public Networks) – operating in 3.7-3.8 GHz local area licensed spectrum – to enable emergency personnel to communicate with each other and control unmanned firefighting vehicles, reconnaissance robots and drones.

  • As part of the ZNV (Deployable Cellular Networks) program, the Bundeswehr (German Armed Forces) has adopted a rapidly deployable cellular network solution that supports mission-critical voice and narrowband data transmission via the TETRA standard and broadband applications using LTE technology, and is interoperable with the BOS TETRA network.

  • Among other efforts to evolve the BLM (Blue Light Mobile) secure MVNO service, Belgian government-owned critical communications service provider ASTRID has activated 5G connectivity for all of the end users of the service and is considering the deployment of complementary 4G/5G RAN infrastructure to fill in coverage gaps that are not sufficiently served by commercial mobile operator networks, as well as for specialized scenarios such as A2G (Air-to-Ground) communications.

  • Also in Belgium, Citymesh has introduced a network of 5G-connected drones in 35 emergency zones across the country to enhance situational awareness for police departments, fire brigades and other first responder agencies. The adoption of the solution follows a series of successful pilot products using both public and private cellular connectivity.

  • The Italian Ministry of Interior has awarded TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile) a three-year contract for the provision of a public safety LTE service supporting MCPTT voice, mobile video surveillance, database access and other critical broadband applications in the territory of 11 provinces. The service leverages a hybrid government-commercial network architecture, including RAN equipment operating in dedicated frequencies made available by the Ministry of Defense. 

  • The Spanish Ministry of Interior has contracted Telefónica to deploy and operate its SIRDEE nationwide mission-critical broadband network using a combination of Band 31 (450 MHz) and Band 28/68 (700 MHz) spectrum. The Zaragoza Fire Department has been using a portable private LTE network – operating in Band 68 (700 MHz) – for image transmission from drones to command posts in support of search and rescue operations.

  • Commercial and small-scale private 5G networks are also being utilized by national and local government agencies, including Guardia Civil (Spanish Civil Guard), Málaga Local Police, Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona (Barcelona Urban Guard) and Bombers de Barcelona (Barcelona Fire Service).

  • As part of the NOOVA (National Public Order & Security Architecture) project, Dutch authorities are evaluating possible options for the development of a national mission-critical broadband service. Multiple service providers already offer specialized broadband connectivity solutions for first responders. A noteworthy example is Lyfo's network selection technology that automatically switches between all available 4G/5G mobile networks for optimal coverage in locations such as near land borders, on open waters, or in rural and remote areas.

  • Switzerland's BABS/FOCP (Federal Office for Civil Protection) is coordinating a pilot project and proof-of-concept field trials for the country's nationwide MSK (Secure Mobile Broadband Communications) system. Two Swiss service providers – Swisscom and BLUnet Schweiz (Axpo WZ-Systems) – offer secure MVNO services to first responders with QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption) over commercial mobile broadband networks.

  • Sweden's MSB (Civil Contingencies Agency) and Trafikverket (Transport Administration) are preparing an expansion of the Rakel G2 secure broadband communications system using an incremental rollout of government-owned RAN infrastructure operating in dedicated 700 MHz spectrum, with an aim to provide coverage in areas not sufficiently served by commercial mobile networks.

  • In addition, state-owned telecommunications service provider Teracom is building a 5G-ready AGA (Air-to-Ground-to-Air) network – using its high-mast infrastructure and Band 40 (2.3 GHz) spectrum assets – to provide aerial coverage for critical communications across 96% of Sweden's surface area.

  • Erillisverkot (State Security Networks Group) has made significant progress on the VIRVE 2.0 mission-critical broadband service by deploying a dedicated core network and integrating it with commercial mobile operator Elisa's 4G/5G RAN infrastructure – using the MOCN (Multi-Operator Core Network) model – to deliver prioritized mobile broadband connectivity to Finnish PPDR users.

  • The Norwegian DSB (Directorate for Civil Protection) is conducting a market dialogue to seek input related to a possible system for MCX services in Nytt Nødnett – a new 3GPP-based solution for emergency and preparedness communications that will replace the country's existing TETRA-based Nødnett network.

  • Tampnet – which already provides service to FirstNet subscribers in the GoM (Gulf of Mexico) – is proposing to leverage its offshore 4G/5G-ready infrastructure assets to establish a common pan-European PSN (Public Safety Network) in the North Sea. Norway's DSB and other stakeholders have shown a significant interest in the proposal.

  • Føroya Tele (Faroese Telecom) has developed KIMA, a mission-critical communications system to meet the unique requirements of the Fareo Islands' public safety agencies. The system is based on the mobile operator's LTE RAN infrastructure – including dedicated coverage for tunnels, ATG (Air-to-Ground) and maritime connectivity 100 kilometers out to sea, geo-redundant mobile core implementation and 3GPP standards-compliant MCX functionality.

  • Hungarian government communications service provider Pro-M plans to deploy its EDR 2.0/3.0 broadband network using Band 28 (700 MHz) spectrum for nationwide coverage and Band 40 (2.3 GHz) spectrum for capacity expansion in large cities and strategic locations. Pro-M is also implementing a disaster-resilient mobile network for 5G-based PPDR communications along the 136.7 kilometer Hungarian-Ukrainian border, where broadband coverage is currently not available. 

• Other Regions

  • In Saudi Arabia – where a 2 x 10 MHz block of sub-1 GHz spectrum has been reserved for PPDR communications – initial plans are underway for the deployment of a 3GPP-based broadband network for the country's public safety agencies. In the wider GCC region, Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior), ROP (Royal Oman Police), Abu Dhabi Police and Nedaa are progressing with upgrades of their existing public safety LTE networks to support 3GPP-compliant MCX services and other advanced capabilities. 

  • Mauritanian authorities have deployed a public safety LTE network for urban security in Nouakchott, the country's capital city. Spanning more than 20 base stations and 1,500 end user terminals, the purpose-built network also includes a portable emergency command system that integrates radios, baseband, core network and multimedia dispatching functionality.

  • Within the framework of Zambia's nationwide Safe City project, the country's Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security has deployed a Caltta Technologies-supplied broadband trunking communications system – operating in 400 MHz spectrum – to enhance public safety communications, reduce emergency response time and improve cross-departmental collaboration.

  • Public security secretariats and military police forces in São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and other Brazilian states have deployed their own private LTE networks for public safety broadband communications. The country's spectrum regulator Anatel (National Telecommunications Agency) is actively engaged in efforts to move users of military and public safety broadband networks from the previously assigned 10 MHz of Band 28 (700 MHz) spectrum to 20 MHz of extended Band 26 (800 MHz) spectrum.

  • Telecom Argentina – in collaboration with Leonardo – is in the process of evolving the City of Buenos Aires' TETRA network to a mission-critical broadband service via a hybrid model. It is worth mentioning that the city's municipal police force has also been using a Huawei-supplied LTE system to enhance its broadband communications and real-time information sharing capabilities for day-to-day operations, emergencies and large-scale events.

  • Neptune Communications is setting up an LTE-based connectivity service platform – using dedicated Band 14 (700 MHz) spectrum – to deliver resilient, mission-critical voice and data services to key agencies of the Government of Barbados.

Key Findings

The report has the following key findings: 

• SNS Telecom & IT estimates that annual investments in public safety LTE/5G infrastructure and devices reached $4.3 Billion in 2023, driven by both new projects and the expansion of existing dedicated, hybrid government-commercial and secure MVNO/MOCN networks. Complemented by an expanding ecosystem of public safety-grade LTE/5G devices, the market will further grow at a CAGR of approximately 10% over the next three years, eventually accounting for more than $5.7 Billion by the end of 2026.

• The high-profile FirstNet and South Korea’s Safe-Net nationwide public safety broadband networks have been successfully implemented. Although Britain’s ESN project has been hampered by a series of delays, many other national-level programs have made considerable headway in moving from field trials to wider scale deployments – most notably, New Zealand's NGCC public safety network, France's RRF network, Spain's SIRDEE mission-critical broadband network, Finland's VIRVE 2.0 broadband service, Sweden's Rakel G2 secure broadband system and Hungary's EDR 2.0/3.0 broadband network.

• Nationwide initiatives in the pre-operational phase include but are not limited to Switzerland's MSK system, Norway's Nytt Nødnett, Germany's planned hybrid broadband network for BOS (German Public Safety Organizations), Netherlands' NOOVA program, Japan's PS-LTE project, Australia's PSMB program and Canada's national PSBN initiative.

• Other operational and planned deployments include but are not limited to the Halton-Peel region PSBN in Canada's Ontario province, New South Wales' state-based PSMB solution, China's city and district-wide Band 45 (1.4 GHz) LTE networks for police forces, Hong Kong's 700 MHz mission-critical broadband network, Royal Thai Police’s Band 26 (800 MHz) LTE network, Qatar MOI, ROP (Royal Oman Police), Abu Dhabi Police and Nedaa's mission-critical LTE networks in the oil-rich GCC region, Brazil's state-wide LTE networks for both civil and military police agencies, Barbados' Band 14 (700 MHz) LTE-based connectivity service platform, Zambia's 400 MHz broadband trunking system and Mauritania's public safety LTE network for urban security in Nouakchott.

• Production-grade deployments of 3GPP standards-compliant MCX services – beginning with MCPTT – are continuing to accelerate over both commercial and public safety broadband networks. Early adopters range from Safe-Net, FirstNet, RRF and VIRVE 2.0 to mobile operators such as Verizon, Southern Linc, Telus, SFR, KPN, Swisscom, Telia, Føroya Tele, STC (Saudi Telecom Company) and Omantel.

• Considerable progress has also been made in the adoption of 3GPP-defined IWF (Interworking Function) functionality for LMR-broadband interoperability. AT&T is using an IWF solution – supplied by Etherstack and Samsung – to enable interworking between FirstNet and LMR subscribers, while Telstra is trialing the technology in preparation for the proposed implementation of a national PSMB capability in Australia.  

• Even though critical public safety-related 5G NR capabilities defined in the 3GPP's Release 17 and 18 specifications are yet to be commercialized, public safety agencies have already begun experimenting with 5G for applications that can benefit from the technology's high-bandwidth and low-latency characteristics. Some examples of early adopters include the Lishui Municipal Emergency Management Bureau, Kaohsiung City Police Department, Hsinchu City Fire Department, PDRM (Royal Malaysia Police), New Zealand Police, Norwegian Air Ambulance and Guardia Civil (Spanish Civil Guard).

• As 5G implementations become well-established in the 2020s, MCX services in high-density environments, real-time UHD video transmission through coordinated fleets of drones, 5G-connected autonomous police robots, smart ambulances, AR (Augmented Reality) firefighting helmets and other sophisticated public safety broadband applications will become a common sight.

• COWs (Cells-on-Wheels), COLTs (Cells-on-Light Trucks) and other deployable LTE network assets are playing a pivotal role in facilitating mission-critical communications, real-time transmission of video footage, and improved situational awareness for incident command and emergency response needs – for instance, the mobilization of FirstNet deployables during the wildfire seasons of 2021, 2022 and 2023 in the United States. 

• 5G NR-equipped portable network systems are also beginning to emerge. For example, in Taiwan, the Hsinchu City Fire Department's emergency response vehicle features a satellite-backhauled private 5G network for high-bandwidth, low-latency emergency communications in disaster zones. The Norwegian Air Ambulance is adopting a similar private 5G-based NOW (Network-on-Wheels) system for enhancing situational awareness during search and rescue operations. Between 2023 and 2026, SNS Telecom & IT expects cumulative spending on deployable assets for public safety broadband to reach nearly $800 Million.

• Although much of the public safety spectrum debate is centered around low-band frequencies in the sub-1 GHz range, a number of PPDR stakeholders have started eyeing up mmWave spectrum reservation to be able to support advanced use cases in the coming years. For example, the Hungarian Ministry of Interior has specifically requested access to a 200 MHz block of Band n258 (26 GHz) spectrum for future 5G applications.

• In addition, first responder agencies in Germany, Japan and several other markets are beginning to utilize mid-band and mmWave spectrum available for local area licensing to deploy portable and small-scale 5G NPNs (Non-Public Networks) to support applications such as UHD video surveillance and control of unmanned firefighting vehicles, reconnaissance robots and drones.

• In the near future, we also expect to see rollouts of localized 5G NR systems – including direct mode communications – for incident scene management and related use cases, potentially using up to 50 MHz of Band n79 spectrum in the 4.9 GHz frequency range (4,940-4,990 MHz), which has been designated for public safety use in multiple countries including but not limited to the United States, Canada, Australia, Malaysia and Qatar.

• The ProSe chipset ecosystem failed to materialize in the LTE era due to limited support from chipmakers and terminal OEMs. However, the 5G NR sidelink interface offers a clean slate opportunity to introduce direct mode D2D communications for public safety broadband users, as well as coverage expansion in both on-network and off-network scenarios using UE-to-network and UE-to-UE relays respectively. Recent demonstrations of 5G NR sidelink-enabled MCX services by the likes of Qualcomm have generated renewed confidence in 3GPP technology for direct mode communications.

• Until recently, another barrier impeding the market was the non-availability of cost-optimized RAN equipment and terminals that support operation in spectrum reserved for PPDR communications – most notably Band 68 (698-703 / 753-758 MHz), which has been allocated for PPDR broadband systems in several national markets across Europe, including France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Spain, Italy, Estonia, Bulgaria and Cyprus. Other countries such as Greece, Hungary, Romania, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands and Belgium are also expected to make this assignment. Since the beginning of 2023, multiple suppliers – including Ericsson, Nokia, Teltronic and CROSSCALL – have introduced support for Band 68.

Topics Covered

The report covers the following topics: 

• Introduction to public safety LTE and 5G

• Value chain and ecosystem structure

• Market drivers and challenges

• System architecture and key elements of public safety LTE and 5G networks

• Operational models for public safety LTE and 5G networks, including fully dedicated, shared core, hybrid government-commercial, secure MVNO/MOCN, commercial and sliced private networks 

• PPPs (Public-Private Partnerships) and other common approaches to financing and delivering dedicated nationwide public safety broadband networks

• Enabling technologies and concepts, including 3GPP-defined MCX, HPUE, IOPS, 5G MBS, ProSe and sidelink for D2D communications, rapidly deployable LTE/5G systems, QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption), network slicing, end-to-end security, high-precision positioning, ATG/A2G (Air-to-Ground), and satellite-based NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network) integration

• Analysis of public safety broadband application scenarios and use cases, ranging from mission-critical group communications and real-time video transmission to 5G era applications centered upon MCX services in high-density environments, massive-scale UHD video surveillance and analytics, AR/VR/MR (Augmented, Virtual & Mixed Reality), drones and robotics

• Key trends such as the growing prevalence of nationwide hybrid government-commercial broadband networks, production-grade deployments of 3GPP standards-compliant MCX services, LMR-based interim solutions for off-network communications, deployable LTE network assets for wildfire fighting and other disaster relief operations, and 5G NR-equipped portable networks supporting high-bandwidth, low-latency emergency communications. 

• Future roadmap for the public safety LTE and 5G market

• Review of public safety LTE/5G engagements worldwide, including a detailed assessment of 18 nationwide public safety broadband projects and additional case studies of 50 dedicated, hybrid, secure MVNO/MOCN and commercial operator-supplied systems

• Spectrum availability, allocation and usage across the global, regional and national domains

• Standardization, regulatory and collaborative initiatives

• Profiles and strategies of 1,700 ecosystem players, including LTE/5G equipment suppliers and public safety-domain specialists

• Strategic recommendations for public safety and government agencies, LTE/5G infrastructure, device and chipset suppliers, LMR vendors, system integrators, and mobile operators

• Market analysis and forecasts from 2023 to 2030

Forecast Segmentation:

Market forecasts are provided for each of the following submarkets and their subcategories: 

• Public Safety LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure

  • Submarkets

    • RAN (Radio Access Network)

    • Mobile Core

    • Backhaul & Transport

  • Technology Generations

    • LTE

    • 5G NR

  • Mobility Categories

    • Fixed Base Stations & Infrastructure

    • Deployable Network Assets

  • Deployable Network Asset Form Factors

    • NIB (Network-in-a-Box)

    • Vehicular COWs (Cells-on-Wheels)

    • Aerial Cell Sites

    • Maritime Platforms

  • RAN Base Station (eNB/gNB) Cell Sizes

    • Macrocells

    • Small Cells

  • Backhaul & Transport Transmission Mediums

    • Fiber & Wireline

    • Microwave

    • Satellite

• Public Safety LTE & 5G Terminal Equipment

  • Technology Generations

    • LTE

    • 5G NR

  • Form Factors

    • Smartphones & Handportable Terminals

    • Mobile & Vehicular Routers

    • Fixed CPEs (Customer Premises Equipment)

    • Tablets & Notebook PCs

    • IoT Modules, Dongles & Others

• Public Safety LTE & 5G Subscriptions/Service Revenue

  • Technology Generations

    • LTE

    • 5G NR

  • Network Types

    • Dedicated & Hybrid Government-Commercial Networks

    • Secure MVNO & MOCN Networks

    • Sliced & Commercial Mobile Networks

• Public Safety LTE & 5G Systems Integration & Management Solutions

  • Submarkets

    • Network Integration & Testing

    • Device Management & User Services

    • Managed Services, Operations & Maintenance

    • Cybersecurity

• Public Safety Broadband Applications

  • Submarkets

    • Mission-Critical Voice & Group Communications

    • Real-Time Video Transmission

    • Messaging, File Transfer & Presence Services

    • Mobile Office & Field Applications

    • Location Services & Mapping

    • Situational Awareness

    • Command & Control

    • AR/VR/MR (Augmented, Virtual & Mixed Reality)

• Regional Markets

  • North America

  • Asia Pacific

  • Europe

  • Middle East & Africa

  • Latin & Central America

Key Questions Answered

The report provides answers to the following key questions: 

• How big is the public safety LTE and 5G opportunity?

• What trends, drivers and challenges are influencing its growth?

• What will the market size be in 2026, and at what rate will it grow?

• Which submarkets and regions will see the highest percentage of growth?

• What are the operational models and application scenarios of LTE and 5G for first responders?

• What are the existing and candidate frequency bands for the operation of PPDR broadband systems?

• How can public safety stakeholders leverage excess spectrum capacity to ensure the economic viability of purpose-built LTE and 5G NR infrastructure?

• When will MCX, HPUE, IOPS, 5G MBS, 5G NR sidelink, NTN connectivity and other 3GPP-defined critical communications features be widely employed?   

• What is the status of fully dedicated, hybrid government-commercial and secure MVNO/MOCN-based public safety broadband networks worldwide? 

• When will FirstNet, Safe-Net, ESN, RRF, SIRDEE, VIRVE 2.0 and other nationwide public safety broadband networks replace existing digital LMR systems?

• What opportunities exist for commercial mobile operators and critical communications service providers?

• What are the future prospects of NIB (Network-in-a-Box), COW (Cell-on-Wheels), aerial cell sites and other rapidly deployable LTE and 5G NR-equipped network systems for incident command and emergency response needs?

• How will 5G enable advanced features such as MCX services in high-density environments, UE-to-network and UE-to-UE relaying for coverage expansion, satellite-assisted NR access, high-precision positioning, and network slicing-based dynamic QoS guarantees and isolation?

• Who are the key ecosystem players, and what are their strategies?

• What strategies should LTE/5G infrastructure suppliers, LMR vendors, system integrators and mobile operators adopt to remain competitive?

Table of Contents

1 Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Executive Summary

1.2 Topics Covered

1.3 Forecast Segmentation

1.4 Key Questions Answered

1.5 Key Findings

1.6 Summary of Recent Market Developments

1.7 Methodology

1.8 Target Audience

1.9 Companies & Organizations Mentioned

2 Chapter 2: An Overview of the Public Safety LTE & 5G Market

2.1 Narrowband LMR (Land Mobile Radio) Systems in the Public Safety Sector

2.1.1 LMR Market Size

2.1.1.1 Analog LMR

2.1.1.2 DMR

2.1.1.3 dPMR, NXDN & PDT

2.1.1.4 P25

2.1.1.5 TETRA

2.1.1.6 Tetrapol

2.1.1.7 Other LMR Technologies

2.1.2 The Limitations of LMR Networks

2.2 Adoption of Commercial Mobile Broadband Technologies

2.2.1 Why Use Commercial Technologies?

2.2.2 The Role of Mobile Broadband in Public Safety Communications

2.2.3 Can Mobile Broadband Technologies Replace LMR Systems?

2.3 An Introduction to the 3GPP-Defined LTE & 5G Standards

2.3.1 LTE: The First Global Standard for Cellular Communications

2.3.2 LTE-Advanced: Delivering the Promise of True 4G Performance

2.3.3 LTE-Advanced Pro: Laying the Foundation for the 5G Era

2.3.4 Public Safety Communications Support in LTE-Advanced Pro

2.3.5 5G: Accelerating 3GPP Expansion in Vertical Industries

2.3.5.1 5G Service Profiles

2.3.5.1.1 eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband)

2.3.5.1.2 URLLC (Ultra-Reliable, Low-Latency Communications)

2.3.5.1.3 mMTC/mIoT (Massive Machine-Type Communications/Internet of Things)

2.3.6 5G-Advanced & the Evolution to 6G

2.3.7 5G Application Scenarios for Public Safety

2.4 Why Adopt LTE & 5G for Public Safety Broadband?

2.4.1 Performance, Reliability & Security Characteristics

2.4.2 Coexistence, Interoperability & Spectrum Flexibility

2.4.3 3GPP Support for Mission-Critical Applications

2.4.4 Future-Proof Transition Path Towards 6G Networks

2.4.5 Thriving Ecosystem of Chipsets, Devices & Network Equipment

2.4.6 Economic Viability of Deployment & Operational Costs

2.5 Public Safety LTE/5G Network Operational Models

2.5.1 Fully Dedicated Private Broadband Network

2.5.2 Shared Core Network With Independent RANs

2.5.3 Hybrid Government-Commercial Network

2.5.4 Secure MVNO & MOCN (Dedicated Mobile Core)

2.5.5 Access Over Commercial Broadband Networks

2.5.6 Sliced Private Network for Public Safety Communications

2.5.7 Other Approaches

2.6 Financing & Delivering Dedicated Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

2.6.1 National Government Authority-Owned & Operated

2.6.2 Local Government/Public Safety Agency-Owned & Operated

2.6.3 BOO (Built, Owned & Operated) by Critical Communications Service Provider

2.6.4 Government-Funded & Commercial Carrier-Operated

2.6.5 Other Forms of PPPs (Public-Private Partnerships)

2.7 Public Safety LTE/5G Value Chain

2.7.1 Enabling Technology Providers

2.7.2 RAN, Mobile Core & Transport Infrastructure Suppliers

2.7.3 Terminal Equipment Vendors

2.7.4 System Integrators

2.7.5 Application Developers

2.7.6 Test, Measurement & Performance Specialists

2.7.7 Mobile Operators

2.7.8 MVNOs

2.7.9 Public Safety & Government Agencies

2.8 Market Drivers

2.8.1 Growing Demand for High-Speed & Low-Latency Data Applications

2.8.2 Recognition of LTE & 5G as the De-Facto Platform for Wireless Connectivity

2.8.3 Spectral Efficiency & Bandwidth Flexibility

2.8.4 National & Cross-Border Interoperability

2.8.5 Consumer-Driven Economies of Scale

2.8.6 Endorsement From the Public Safety Community

2.8.7 Limited Competition From Other Wireless Broadband Technologies

2.8.8 Control Over QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption) Policies

2.8.9 Support for Mission-Critical Functionality

2.8.10 Data Privacy & Network Security

2.9 Market Barriers

2.9.1 Limited Availability of Licensed Spectrum for Public Safety Broadband

2.9.2 Financial Challenges Associated With Large-Scale & Nationwide Networks

2.9.3 Technical Complexities of Network Implementation & Operation

2.9.4 Smaller Coverage Footprint Than Legacy LMR Systems

2.9.5 Delayed Standardization & Commercialization of Mission-Critical Functionality

2.9.6 ProSe/Sidelink Chipset Ecosystem for Direct Mode Communications

2.9.7 COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) Equipment-Related Challenges

2.9.8 Conservatism of End User Organizations

3 Chapter 3: System Architecture & Technologies for Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

3.1 Architectural Components of Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

3.1.1 UE (User Equipment)

3.1.1.1 Smartphones & Handportable Terminals

3.1.1.2 Mobile & Vehicular Routers

3.1.1.3 Fixed CPEs (Customer Premises Equipment)

3.1.1.4 Tablets & Notebook PCs

3.1.1.5 Smart Wearables

3.1.1.6 Cellular IoT Modules

3.1.1.7 Add-On Dongles

3.1.2 RAN (Radio Access Network)

3.1.2.1 E-UTRAN – LTE RAN

3.1.2.1.1 eNBs – LTE Base Stations

3.1.2.2 NG-RAN – 5G NR Access Network

3.1.2.2.1 gNBs – 5G NR Base Stations

3.1.2.2.2 en-gNBs – Secondary Node 5G NR Base Stations

3.1.2.2.3 ng-eNBs – Next-Generation LTE Base Stations

3.1.2.3 Architectural Components of eNB/gNB Base Stations

3.1.2.3.1 RUs (Radio Units)

3.1.2.3.2 Integrated Radio & Baseband Units

3.1.2.3.3 DUs (Distributed Baseband Units)

3.1.2.3.4 CUs (Centralized Baseband Units)

3.1.3 Transport Network

3.1.3.1 Fronthaul

3.1.3.2 Midhaul

3.1.3.3 Backhaul

3.1.3.4 Physical Transmission Mediums

3.1.3.4.1 Fiber & Wireline Transport Technologies

3.1.3.4.2 Microwave & mmWave (Millimeter Wave) Wireless Links

3.1.3.4.3 Satellite Communications

3.1.4 Mobile Core

3.1.4.1 EPC (Evolved Packet Core) – LTE Mobile Core

3.1.4.1.1 SGW (Serving Gateway)

3.1.4.1.2 PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway)

3.1.4.1.3 MME (Mobility Management Entity)

3.1.4.1.4 HSS (Home Subscriber Server)

3.1.4.1.5 PCRF (Policy Charging & Rules Function)

3.1.4.2 5GC (5G Core) – Core Network for Standalone 5G Implementations

3.1.4.2.1 AMF (Access & Mobility Management Function)

3.1.4.2.2 SMF (Session Management Function)

3.1.4.2.3 UPF (User Plane Function)

3.1.4.2.4 PCF (Policy Control Function)

3.1.4.2.5 NEF (Network Exposure Function)

3.1.4.2.6 NRF (Network Repository Function)

3.1.4.2.7 UDM (Unified Data Management)

3.1.4.2.8 UDR (Unified Data Repository)

3.1.4.2.9 AUSF (Authentication Server Function)

3.1.4.2.10 AFs (Application Functions)

3.1.4.2.11 NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function)

3.1.4.2.12 NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function)

3.1.4.3 Other 5GC Elements

3.1.5 Services & Interconnectivity

3.1.5.1 IMS (IP-Multimedia Subsystem) & Application Service Elements

3.1.5.1.1 IMS Core & VoLTE-VoNR (Voice-Over-LTE & 5G NR)

3.1.5.1.2 MBMS, eMBMS, FeMBMS & 5G MBS/5MBS (5G Multicast-Broadcast Services)

3.1.5.1.3 Group Communications & MCS (Mission-Critical Services)

3.1.5.1.4 ProSe (Proximity-Based Services) for Direct D2D (Device-to-Device) Discovery & Communications

3.1.5.2 Interconnectivity With 3GPP & Non-3GPP Networks

3.1.5.2.1 3GPP Roaming & Service Continuity

3.1.5.2.2 National & International Roaming

3.1.5.2.3 Service Continuity Outside Network Footprint

3.1.5.2.4 Gateways Supporting Non-3GPP Network Integration

3.1.5.2.5 IWF (Interworking Function) for LMR-3GPP Interoperability

3.2 Key Enabling Technologies & Concepts

3.2.1 MCPTT (Mission-Critical PTT) Voice & Group Communications

3.2.1.1 Functional Capabilities of the MCPTT Service

3.2.1.2 Performance Comparison With LMR Voice Services

3.2.1.3 Mission-Critical Video & Data

3.2.1.3.1 MCVideo (Mission-Critical Video)

3.2.1.3.2 MCData (Mission-Critical Data)

3.2.2 ProSe & Sidelink-Enabled Direct Mode Communications

3.2.2.1 Direct Communication for Coverage Extension

3.2.2.2 Direct Communication Within Network Coverage

3.2.2.3 Infrastructure Failure & Emergency Scenarios

3.2.2.4 Additional Capacity for Incident Response & Special Events

3.2.2.5 Discovery Services for Disaster Relief

3.2.3 UE-Related Enhancements

3.2.3.1 Ruggedization to Meet Critical Communications User Requirements

3.2.3.2 Dedicated PTT Buttons & Functional Enhancements

3.2.3.3 Long-Lasting Batteries

3.2.3.4 HPUE (High-Power User Equipment)

3.2.3.5 Wireless Connection Bonding

3.2.4 IOPS (Isolated Operation for Public Safety)

3.2.4.1 Ensuring Resilience & Service Continuity for Critical Communications

3.2.4.2 Localized Mobile Core & Application Capabilities

3.2.4.3 Support for Regular & Nomadic Base Stations

3.2.4.4 Isolated RAN Scenarios

3.2.4.4.1 No Backhaul

3.2.4.4.2 Limited Backhaul for Signaling Only

3.2.4.4.3 Limited Backhaul for Signaling & User Data

3.2.5 Cell Site & Infrastructure Hardening

3.2.5.1 Overlapping Cell Site Coverage

3.2.5.2 Geo-Redundant Data Centers

3.2.5.3 Multiple Backhaul Connections

3.2.5.4 Backup Power Sources

3.2.5.5 Structural Hardening

3.2.5.6 Physical Security Measures

3.2.6 Rapidly Deployable LTE & 5G Network Systems

3.2.6.1 Key Operational Capabilities

3.2.6.1.1 RAN-Only Systems for Coverage & Capacity Enhancement

3.2.6.1.2 Mobile Core-Integrated Systems for Autonomous Operation

3.2.6.1.3 Backhaul Interfaces & Connectivity

3.2.6.2 NIB (Network-in-a-Box): Self-Contained Portable Systems

3.2.6.2.1 Backpacks

3.2.6.2.2 Tactical Cases

3.2.6.2.3 Pre-Integrated Racks

3.2.6.3 Wheeled & Vehicular-Based Deployables

3.2.6.3.1 COW (Cell-on-Wheels)

3.2.6.3.2 COLT (Cell-on-Light Truck)

3.2.6.3.3 SOW (System-on-Wheels)

3.2.6.3.4 VNS (Vehicular Network System)

3.2.6.4 Aerial Cell Sites

3.2.6.4.1 Drones

3.2.6.4.2 Balloons

3.2.6.4.3 Other Aircraft

3.2.6.5 Maritime Cellular Platforms

3.2.7 Network Coverage Extension

3.2.7.1 UE-to-Network & UE-to-UE Relays

3.2.7.2 Indoor & Outdoor Small Cells

3.2.7.3 DAS (Distributed Antenna Systems)

3.2.7.4 IAB (Integrated Access & Backhaul)

3.2.7.5 Mobile IAB: VMRs (Vehicle-Mounted Relays)

3.2.7.6 NCRs (Network-Controlled Repeaters)

3.2.7.7 NTNs (Non-Terrestrial Networks)

3.2.7.8 ATG/A2G (Air-to-Ground) Connectivity

3.2.8 QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption)

3.2.8.1 3GPP-Specified QPP Capabilities

3.2.8.1.1 Access Priority: ACB (Access Class Barring) & UAC (Unified Access Control)

3.2.8.1.2 Admission Priority & Preemption: ARP (Allocation & Retention Priority)

3.2.8.1.3 Traffic Scheduling Priority: QCI (QoS Class Indicator) & 5QI (5G QoS Identifier)

3.2.8.1.4 Emergency Scenarios: MPS (Multimedia Priority Service)

3.2.8.2 Additional QPP Enhancements

3.2.9 E2E (End-to-End) Security

3.2.9.1 3GPP-Specified Security Architecture

3.2.9.1.1 UE Authentication Framework

3.2.9.1.2 Subscriber Privacy

3.2.9.1.3 Air Interface Confidentiality & Integrity

3.2.9.1.4 Resilience Against Radio Jamming

3.2.9.1.5 RAN, Core & Transport Network Security

3.2.9.1.6 Security Aspects of Network Slicing

3.2.9.2 Application Domain Protection & E2E Encryption

3.2.9.3 National Requirements & Other Considerations

3.2.9.4 Quantum Cryptography Technologies

3.2.10 3GPP Support for NPNs (Non-Public Networks)

3.2.10.1 Types of NPNs

3.2.10.1.1 SNPNs (Standalone NPNs)

3.2.10.1.2 PNI-NPNs (Public Network-Integrated NPNs)

3.2.10.2 SNPN Identification & Selection

3.2.10.3 PNI-NPN Resource Allocation & Isolation

3.2.10.4 CAG (Closed Access Group) for Cell Access Control

3.2.10.5 Mobility, Roaming & Service Continuity

3.2.10.6 Interworking Between SNPNs & Public Networks

3.2.10.7 UE Configuration & Subscription-Related Aspects

3.2.10.8 Other 3GPP-Defined Capabilities for NPNs

3.2.11 Network Slicing

3.2.11.1 Logical Partitioning of Network Resources

3.2.11.2 3GPP Functions, Identifiers & Procedures for Slicing

3.2.11.3 RAN Slicing

3.2.11.4 Mobile Core Slicing

3.2.11.5 Transport Network Slicing

3.2.11.6 UE-Based Network Slicing Features

3.2.11.7 Management & Orchestration Aspects

3.2.12 Infrastructure Sharing

3.2.12.1 Service-Specific PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) IDs

3.2.12.2 DNN (Data Network Name)/APN (Access Point Name)-Based Isolation

3.2.12.3 GWCN (Gateway Core Network): Core Network Sharing

3.2.12.4 MOCN (Multi-Operator Core Network): RAN & Spectrum Sharing

3.2.12.5 MORAN (Multi-Operator RAN): RAN Sharing Without Spectrum Pooling

3.2.12.6 DECOR (Dedicated Core) & eDECOR (Enhanced DECOR)

3.2.12.7 Roaming in Non-Overlapping Service Areas

3.2.12.8 Passive Sharing of Infrastructure Resources

3.2.13 IoT-Focused Technologies

3.2.13.1 eMTC, NB-IoT & mMTC: Wide Area & High-Density IoT Applications

3.2.13.2 5G NR Light: RedCap (Reduced Capability) UE Type

3.2.13.3 URLLC Techniques: High-Reliability & Low-Latency Enablers

3.2.13.4 5G LAN (Local Area Network)-Type Service

3.2.13.5 Integration With IEEE 802.1 TSN (Time-Sensitive Networking) Systems

3.2.13.6 Native 3GPP Support for TSC (Time-Sensitive Communications)

3.2.14 High-Precision Positioning

3.2.14.1 Assisted-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)

3.2.14.2 RAN-Based Positioning Techniques

3.2.14.3 RAN-Independent Methods

3.2.15 Spectrum Sharing & Management

3.2.15.1 Public Safety Spectrum Sharing & Aggregation

3.2.15.2 SDR (Software-Defined Radio)

3.2.15.3 Cognitive Radio & Spectrum Sensing

3.2.15.4 Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Usage

3.2.15.4.1 CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service): Three-Tiered Sharing

3.2.15.4.2 LSA (Licensed Shared Access): Two-Tiered Sharing

3.2.15.4.3 Local Area Licensing of Shared Spectrum

3.2.15.4.4 LTE-U, LAA (Licensed Assisted Access), eLAA (Enhanced LAA) & FeLAA (Further Enhanced LAA)

3.2.15.4.5 MulteFire: Standalone LTE Operation in Unlicensed Spectrum

3.2.15.4.6 License-Exempt 1.9 GHz sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform)

3.2.15.4.7 5G NR-U (NR in Unlicensed Spectrum)

3.2.16 MEC (Multi-Access or Mobile Edge Computing)

3.2.16.1 Optimizing Latency, Service Performance & Backhaul Costs

3.2.16.2 3GPP-Defined Features for Edge Computing Support

3.2.16.3 Public vs. Private Edge Computing

3.2.17 Cloud-Native, Software-Driven & Open Networking

3.2.17.1 Cloud-Native Technologies

3.2.17.2 Microservices & SBA (Service-Based Architecture)

3.2.17.3 Containerization of Network Functions

3.2.17.4 NFV (Network Functions Virtualization)

3.2.17.5 SDN (Software-Defined Networking)

3.2.17.6 Cloud Compute, Storage & Networking Infrastructure

3.2.17.7 APIs (Application Programming Interfaces)

3.2.17.8 Open RAN & Core Architectures

3.2.18 Network Intelligence & Automation

3.2.18.1 AI (Artificial Intelligence)

3.2.18.2 Machine & Deep Learning

3.2.18.3 Big Data & Advanced Analytics

3.2.18.4 SON (Self-Organizing Networks)

3.2.18.5 Intelligent Control, Management & Orchestration

3.2.18.6 Support for Network Intelligence & Automation in 3GPP Standards

4 Chapter 4: Public Safety LTE/5G Application Scenarios & Use Cases

4.1 Mission-Critical HD Voice & Group Communications

4.1.1 Group Calls

4.1.2 Private Calls

4.1.3 Broadcast Calls

4.1.4 System Calls

4.1.5 Emergency Calls & Alerts

4.1.6 Imminent Peril Calls

4.1.7 Ambient & Discrete Listening

4.1.8 Remotely Initiated Calls

4.2 Real-Time Video & High-Resolution Imagery

4.2.1 Mobile Video & Imagery Transmission

4.2.2 Group-Based Video Communications

4.2.3 Video Conferencing for Small Groups

4.2.4 Private One-To-One Video Calls

4.2.5 Video Pull & Push Services

4.2.6 Ambient Viewing

4.2.7 Video Transport From Fixed Cameras

4.2.8 Aerial Video Surveillance

4.3 Messaging, File Transfer & Presence Services

4.3.1 SDS (Short Data Service)

4.3.2 RTT (Real-Time Text)

4.3.3 File Distribution

4.3.4 Multimedia Messaging

4.3.5 Presence Services

4.4 Secure & Seamless Mobile Broadband Access

4.4.1 IP Connectivity & Data Streaming for Mission-Critical Services

4.4.2 Email, Internet & Corporate Intranet

4.4.3 Remote Database Access

4.4.4 Mobile Office & Field Applications

4.4.5 Wireless Telemetry

4.4.6 Bulk Multimedia & Data Transfers

4.4.7 Seamless Data Roaming

4.4.8 Public Safety-Grade Mobile VPN (Virtual Private Network)

4.5 Location Services & Mapping

4.5.1 Network Assisted-GPS/GNSS

4.5.2 Indoor & Urban Positioning

4.5.3 Floor-Level & 3D Geolocation

4.5.4 Advanced Mapping & Spatial Analytics

4.5.5 AVL (Automatic Vehicle Location) & Fleet Management

4.5.6 Field Personnel & Asset Tracking

4.5.7 Navigation for Vehicles, Vessels & Aircraft

4.5.8 Geo-Fencing for Public Safety Operations

4.6 Command & Control

4.6.1 CAD (Computer Aided Dispatch)

4.6.2 Situational Awareness

4.6.3 Common Operating Picture

4.6.4 Integration of Critical IoT Assets

4.6.5 Remote Control of Drones, Robots & Other Unmanned Systems

4.6.6 Digital Signage & Traffic Alerts

4.7 5G & Advanced Public Safety Broadband Applications

4.7.1 UHD (Ultra-High Definition) Video Transmission

4.7.2 Massive-Scale Surveillance & Analytics

4.7.3 AR, VR & MR (Augmented, Virtual & Mixed Reality)

4.7.4 Smart Glasses for Frontline Police Officers

4.7.5 5G-Connected AR Headgear for Firefighters

4.7.6 Telehealth & Remote Surgery for EMS (Emergency Medical Services)

4.7.7 AR Overlays for Police Cruisers, Ambulances, Fire Engines & Helicopters

4.7.8 Holographic Command Centers

4.7.9 Wireless VR/MR-Based Training

4.7.10 Real-Time Physiological Monitoring of First Responders

4.7.11 5G-Equipped Autonomous Police Robots

4.7.12 Unmanned Aerial, Ground & Marine Vehicles

4.7.13 Powering the IoLST (Internet of Life Saving Things)

4.7.14 5G MBS/5MBS Multicast-Broadcast Services in High-Density Environments

4.7.15 5G NR Sidelink-Based Direct Mode Voice, Video & Data Communications

4.7.16 Coverage Expansion Through UE-To-Network & UE-to-UE Relaying

4.7.17 Satellite & NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network)-Assisted 5G NR Access

4.7.18 Centimeter-Level Positioning for First Responder Operations

4.7.19 Practical Examples of 5G Era Public Safety Applications

4.7.19.1 Area X.O (Invest Ottawa): 5G Mobile Command Center

4.7.19.2 Blueforce Development: 5G & Edge Computing for Real-Time Situational Awareness

4.7.19.3 Citymesh: 5G-Connected Safety Drones for Emergency Services

4.7.19.4 Cosumnes Fire Department: AR Firefighting Helmets

4.7.19.5 DRZ (German Rescue Robotics Center): 5G-Equipped Mobile Robotics for Rescue Operations

4.7.19.6 Dubai Police: AI-Enabled Identification of Criminals

4.7.19.7 Dublin Fire Brigade: Coordinating Emergency Incidents With 5G Connectivity

4.7.19.8 Edgybees: Real-Time Augmented Visual Intelligence

4.7.19.9 Government of Catalonia: 5G-Equipped Emergency Medical Vehicles

4.7.19.10 Guardia Civil (Spanish Civil Guard): Tactical 5G Bubbles for Drone-Based Security & Surveillance Missions

4.7.19.11 Hsinchu City Fire Department: Digital Resiliency Through Private 5G & Satellite Communications

4.7.19.12 Kaohsiung City Police Department: Sliced 5G Network for Smart Patrol Cars

4.7.19.13 Leuven Police: Combating Illegal Dumping & Public Nuisances With 5G-Connected Mobile Cameras

4.7.19.14 Lishui Municipal Emergency Management Bureau: 5G-Enabled Natural Disaster Management System

4.7.19.15 Maebashi City Fire Department: 5G for Emergency Response & Rescue Services

4.7.19.16 National Police of the Netherlands: AR-Facilitated Crime Scene Investigations

4.7.19.17 New Zealand Police: Aerial Surveillance Through 5G NR Connectivity

4.7.19.18 NHS (National Health Service, United Kingdom): 5G-Connected Smart Ambulances

4.7.19.19 Norwegian Air Ambulance: Private 5G Network for Search & Rescue Operations

4.7.19.20 PDRM (Royal Malaysia Police): 5G-Enabled Safe City Solution for Langkawi

4.7.19.21 Shenzhen Public Security Bureau: 5G-Connected Unmanned Police Boats

4.7.19.22 SPF (Singapore Police Force): 5G-Equipped Police Robots

4.7.19.23 V-Armed: Preparing Officers for Active Shooter Scenarios Through VR Training

5 Chapter 5: Review of Public Safety LTE/5G Engagements Worldwide

5.1 North America

5.1.1 United States: Leading the Way With FirstNet – The World's Largest Purpose-Built Public Safety Broadband Network

5.1.2 Canada: Shared Network Approach for Nationwide PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network)

5.2 Asia Pacific

5.2.1 Australia: Establishing a National PSMB (Public Safety Mobile Broadband) Capability

5.2.2 New Zealand: Nationwide Critical Communications Platform Based on Commercial LTE & 5G NR Networks

5.2.3 China: Private 5G Slicing & Band 45 (1.4 GHz) LTE Networks for Police Forces

5.2.4 Hong Kong: 700 MHz Mission-Critical Broadband Network for Public Safety Agencies

5.2.5 Taiwan: Private 5G-Equipped Emergency Response Vehicles, Network Slicing & Hybrid P25-Broadband Communications

5.2.6 Japan: Multiple Options for Fully Dedicated & Secure MVNO-Based Public Safety Broadband Networks

5.2.7 South Korea: Safe-Net – Spearheading Nationwide Public Safety LTE Network Deployments

5.2.8 Singapore: LTE-Based Broadband Overlay to Complement TETRA

5.2.9 Malaysia: Evaluating Multiple Delivery Models for Mission-Critical Broadband

5.2.10 Indonesia: Field Trials of 700 MHz Public Safety LTE Networks

5.2.11 Philippines: Rapidly Deployable LTE Systems for Disaster Relief

5.2.12 Thailand: Band 26 (800 MHz) LTE Network for the Royal Thai Police

5.2.13 Laos: LTE-Based Emergency Communications Networks for Local Governments

5.2.14 Myanmar: Possible Rollout of a 700 MHz Public Safety Broadband Network

5.2.15 India: Proposed Deployment of a National Hybrid Broadband PPDR (Public Protection & Disaster Relief) Network

5.2.16 Pakistan: Dedicated Band 26 (800 MHz) LTE Networks for Safe City Projects

5.2.17 Bangladesh: Portable LTE Networks for VIP Protection Operations

5.3 Europe

5.3.1 United Kingdom

5.3.1.1 Great Britain: ESN – Pioneering the Use of Resilient Commercial RAN Infrastructure for Emergency Communications

5.3.1.2 Northern Ireland: Planned Transition From TETRA to Broadband

5.3.2 Republic of Ireland: Early Field Trials of Dedicated LTE/5G-Ready Systems for First Responders

5.3.3 France: RRF (Radio Network of the Future) – Transitioning From Tetrapol to Mission-Critical Broadband

5.3.4 Germany: Planned Rollout of the BOS Hybrid Broadband Network

5.3.5 Belgium: Government-Owned Secure MVNO With Priority & National/Cross-Border Roaming

5.3.6 Luxembourg: MCX Over Commercial Networks & RRVs (Rapid Response Vehicles) for Security Missions

5.3.7 Netherlands: Proposed Adoption of Hybrid Government-Commercial Network Model

5.3.8 Switzerland: Field Trials for the Nationwide MSK (Secure Mobile Broadband Communications) System

5.3.9 Austria: Possibility to Use Both Dedicated & Commercial RAN Infrastructure Options

5.3.10 Italy: Public Safety LTE Service for Mission-Critical Broadband Communications

5.3.11 Spain: SIRDEE – Establishing European Leadership With Dedicated 450 MHz & 700 MHz Infrastructure

5.3.12 Portugal: Preliminary Trials of 5G for Emergency Services

5.3.13 Sweden: Rakel G2 Secure Broadband System & Teracom AGA Network for Aerial Coverage

5.3.14 Norway: Nytt Nødnett – Mission-Critical Communications Over Commercial 3GPP Networks

5.3.15 Denmark: Secured Shared 4G/5G Infrastructure for Mission-Critical Broadband Services

5.3.16 Finland: VIRVE 2.0 – MOCN-Based Mission-Critical Broadband Service

5.3.17 Estonia: State-Owned MVNO for Public Safety Broadband

5.3.18 Czech Republic: National Roaming & Priority for Public Safety Traffic Over 700 MHz Spectrum

5.3.19 Poland: Leveraging LTE to Modernize Existing Police Radio Communications Systems

5.3.20 Türkiye: Domestically-Produced 4G/5G Base Stations for Public Safety & Emergency Communications

5.3.21 Cyprus: Planned Deployment of 700 MHz Public Safety Broadband Network

5.3.22 Greece: TETRA-Broadband Integration & LTE-Equipped Portable Emergency Command Systems

5.3.23 Bulgaria: Hybrid TETRA-LTE Implementation to Meet Mission-Critical Communications Needs

5.3.24 Romania: Possible Deployment of a 700 MHz Public Safety Broadband Network

5.3.25 Hungary: EDR 2.0/3.0 – Hybrid PPDR Broadband Network

5.3.26 Slovenia: Setting 5G PPDR Projects in Motion

5.3.27 Serbia: LTE-Connected Safe City & Surveillance Systems

5.3.28 Russia: Secure 450 MHz LTE Network for Police Forces, Emergency Services & the National Guard

5.4 Middle East & Africa

5.4.1 Saudi Arabia: Unified TETRA-Broadband Network for Mission-Critical Communications

5.4.2 United Arab Emirates: Emirate-Wide Band 28 (700 MHz) Public Safety LTE Networks

5.4.3 Qatar: The Middle East's First Dedicated Public Safety Broadband Network

5.4.4 Oman: Nationwide Band 20 (800 MHz) LTE Network for the ROP (Royal Oman Police)

5.4.5 Bahrain: Planned 700 MHz PPDR Broadband Rollout

5.4.6 Kuwait: Ongoing Narrowband to Broadband Transition

5.4.7 Iraq: Local LTE-Based Wireless Communications Systems for Security Forces

5.4.8 Jordan: Pilot LTE Network for the Jordanian Armed Forces

5.4.9 Lebanon: LTE Network for Internal Security Forces

5.4.10 Israel: Mission-Critical LTE/5G-Ready Networks for Military & Public Safety Communications

5.4.11 Egypt: Security-Oriented LTE Networks for Safe City Initiatives

5.4.12 Tunisia: Dedicated Band 28 (700 MHz) Spectrum for Public Safety Broadband

5.4.13 South Africa: Demand for Access to Sub-1 GHz PPDR Broadband Spectrum

5.4.14 Botswana: Planned Band 87 (410 MHz) Public Safety Broadband Network

5.4.15 Zambia: 400 MHz Private Broadband System for Safe City Project

5.4.16 Kenya: Custom-Built LTE Network for the Kenyan Police Service

5.4.17 Uganda: Planned Implementation of 400 MHz PPDR Broadband System

5.4.18 Madagascar: LTE-Based Secure Communications Network for the Madagascar National Police

5.4.19 Mauritius: Private LTE Network for the MPF (Mauritius Police Force)

5.4.20 Angola: TETRA-LTE Integration Through Commercial Mobile Operators

5.4.21 Republic of the Congo: LTE-Equipped ECVs (Emergency Communications Vehicles)

5.4.22 Cameroon: LTE Connectivity for Video Surveillance & Broadband Applications

5.4.23 Nigeria: Planned Rollouts of Public Safety LTE Networks for Safe City Initiatives

5.4.24 Ghana: 1.4 GHz LTE-Based National Security Communications Network

5.4.25 Côte d'Ivoire: Purpose-Built LTE Network for the Ministry of Interior and Security

5.4.26 Mali: LTE-Based Safe City Network for Police & Security Forces

5.4.27 Senegal: LTE-Enabled Smart City & Video Surveillance System

5.4.28 Mauritania: Public Safety LTE Network for Urban Security in Nouakchott

5.5 Latin & Central America

5.5.1 Brazil: Regional Dedicated LTE Networks for Public Security & Military Police Forces

5.5.2 Mexico: Secure MVNO Broadband Services for Public Safety & Defense Authorities

5.5.3 Argentina: Hybrid TETRA-Broadband Solutions & Tactical LTE Systems for Incident Response

5.5.4 Colombia: LTE Network Field Trials by the National Police of Colombia

5.5.5 Chile: Potential Rollout of a Band 28 (700 MHz) Public Safety LTE Network

5.5.6 Peru: Unified LMR-LTE Implementation for Mission-Critical Voice & Broadband Data Services

5.5.7 Venezuela: LTE-Equipped VEN 911/SIMA Video Surveillance & Emergency Response System

5.5.8 Ecuador: LTE-Based Communications for the ECU-911 Emergency Response Program

5.5.9 Bolivia: Private LTE Networks for the BOL-110 Citizen Security System & Other Safe City Projects

5.5.10 Barbados: Band 14 (700 MHz) LTE-Based Connectivity Service Platform

5.5.11 Trinidad & Tobago: Rapidly Deployable 400 MHz LTE System for National Security Applications

6 Chapter 6: Public Safety LTE/5G Case Studies

6.1 Nationwide Public Safety LTE/5G Projects

6.1.1 United States' FirstNet (First Responder Network)

6.1.1.1 Operational Model

6.1.1.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.1.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.1.4 Key Applications

6.1.1.5 FirstNet Service Plans & Pricing

6.1.1.6 Integration of Early Builder Band 14 Networks

6.1.1.7 Retrofitted & Purpose-Built FirstNet Cell Sites

6.1.1.8 Rapidly Deployable Cellular Assets for Temporary Coverage & Capacity

6.1.1.9 Certification of Terminal Equipment, Accessories & Applications

6.1.1.10 HPUE Solutions for Coverage Enhancement

6.1.1.11 In-Building FirstNet Connectivity

6.1.1.12 5G NR Access for First Responders

6.1.1.13 Multiple 3GPP-Complaint MCPTT Service Offerings

6.1.1.14 Interoperability With Legacy LMR Systems

6.1.2 New Zealand's NGCC (Next-Generation Critical Communications) Public Safety Network

6.1.2.1 Operational Model

6.1.2.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.2.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.2.4 Key Applications

6.1.2.5 Transition Timeline

6.1.3 Japan's PS-LTE (Public Safety LTE) Project

6.1.3.1 Operational Model

6.1.3.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.3.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.3.3.1 PS-LTE Demonstration Tests

6.1.3.3.2 Implementation of National PS-LTE Service

6.1.3.4 Key Applications

6.1.3.5 Service Evolution Plans

6.1.4 South Korea’s Safe-Net (National Disaster Safety Communications Network)

6.1.4.1 Operational Model

6.1.4.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.4.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.4.4 Key Applications

6.1.4.5 Government-Owned RAN & Mobile Core Equipment

6.1.4.6 RAN Sharing With Commercial Mobile Operators

6.1.4.7 Interworking With LTE-Based Railway & Maritime Networks

6.1.4.8 3GPP Standards-Compliant MCPTT Service

6.1.4.9 Planned Evolution Towards 5G

6.1.4.10 Experimentation With D2D Communications

6.1.5 Royal Thai Police's LTE Network

6.1.5.1 Operational Model

6.1.5.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.5.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.5.4 Key Applications

6.1.5.5 Broadband Access for Other Government & PPDR Users

6.1.5.6 Use of Deployable LTE Assets During the Tham Luang Cave Rescue

6.1.6 Great Britain’s ESN (Emergency Services Network)

6.1.6.1 Operational Model

6.1.6.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.6.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.6.4 Key Applications

6.1.6.5 ESN Products

6.1.6.6 EE's LTE Network Expansion & Additional Low-Band Spectrum

6.1.6.7 Government-Funded RAN Assets for Remote Areas

6.1.6.8 London Underground Coverage

6.1.6.9 Overlay A2G (Air-to-Ground) Network

6.1.6.10 In-Building ESN Coverage Enhancement

6.1.6.11 Deployable Assets for Temporary Coverage

6.1.6.12 Direct Mode Solution for ESN Terminals

6.1.6.13 Replacement of the Airwave TETRA Network

6.1.7 France's RRF (Radio Network of the Future)

6.1.7.1 Operational Model

6.1.7.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.7.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.7.3.1 PCSTORM PoC (Proof-of-Concept) Project

6.1.7.3.2 Nationwide Mission-Critical RRF Network

6.1.7.4 Key Applications

6.1.7.5 Interworking With Legacy Networks

6.1.7.6 Expansion of the RRF Network to Overseas Territories

6.1.7.7 RFIs to Address Direct Mode, A2G (Air-to-Ground), LSA (Licensed Shared Access) & Other Issues

6.1.8 Germany's Planned BOS Hybrid Broadband Network

6.1.8.1 Operational Model

6.1.8.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.8.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.8.3.1 Hybrid Broadband Network Trial

6.1.8.3.2 KoPa_45 Project Mission-Critical Broadband Development Environment

6.1.8.3.3 Planned Nationwide Rollout of Broadband Network

6.1.8.4 Key Applications

6.1.8.5 Interoperability With TETRA & Bundeswehr's Cellular Assets

6.1.8.6 Spectrum, Direct Communications & Other Areas of Interest

6.1.9 Belgium's ASTRID BLM (Blue Light Mobile)

6.1.9.1 Operational Model

6.1.9.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.9.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.9.4 Key Applications

6.1.9.5 Priority & Preemption Service Levels

6.1.9.6 VPN Tunneling for Secure Connectivity

6.1.9.7 ASTRID Cloud: Application Hosting & Sharing

6.1.9.8 5G Connectivity & Future Plans for Service Evolution

6.1.9.9 Possible Rollout of Complementary RAN Infrastructure

6.1.10 Switzerland's MSK (Secure Mobile Broadband Communications) Program

6.1.10.1 Operational Model

6.1.10.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.10.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.10.3.1 Pilot Project & PoC (Proof-of-Concept) Trials

6.1.10.3.2 Planned Nationwide Mission-Critical Broadband Network Rollout

6.1.10.4 Key Applications

6.1.10.5 MSK System Requirements

6.1.10.6 Interconnectivity With POLYCOM & SDVS

6.1.11 Italian Ministry of Interior's Public Safety LTE Service

6.1.11.1 Operational Model

6.1.11.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.11.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.11.4 Key Applications

6.1.11.5 Dedicated Frequencies for Guaranteed Bandwidth

6.1.11.6 5G Connectivity & Service Evolution

6.1.11.7 Plans for TETRA-to-Broadband Migration

6.1.12 Spain's SIRDEE Mission-Critical Broadband Network

6.1.12.1 Operational Model

6.1.12.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.12.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.12.4 Key Applications

6.1.12.5 Specific Requirements for Mission-Critical Broadband Network

6.1.12.6 Preparing for Tetrapol to Broadband Transition

6.1.13 Sweden's Rakel G2 Secure Broadband Communications System

6.1.13.1 Operational Model

6.1.13.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.13.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.13.3.1 Early Pilot Projects for Public Safety Broadband Capabilities

6.1.13.3.2 Stage 1: Initial Procurement of Dedicated Core, RAN Coverage & SIM Cards

6.1.13.3.3 Stage 2: Planned Rollout of State-Owned RAN Infrastructure

6.1.13.4 Key Applications

6.1.13.5 Cross-Border Cooperation

6.1.13.6 Timeline for Rakel to Rakel G2 Migration

6.1.14 Finland's VIRVE 2.0 Mission-Critical Broadband Service

6.1.14.1 Operational Model

6.1.14.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.14.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.14.4 Key Applications

6.1.14.5 Legislative Support for the Rollout of VIRVE 2.0

6.1.14.6 Migration From Existing TETRA Network to VIRVE 2.0

6.1.15 Hungary's EDR 2.0/3.0 PPDR Broadband Network

6.1.15.1 Operational Model

6.1.15.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.15.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.15.3.1 Multi-Site 700 MHz LTE Field Trial

6.1.15.3.2 EDR 2.0 Broadband Data Service

6.1.15.3.3 EDR 3.0 Voice & Data Service

6.1.15.4 Key Applications

6.1.15.5 Cross-Border Cooperation With Neighboring Countries

6.1.15.6 Future Plans for 5G-Based PPDR Use Cases

6.1.16 Slovenia's 5G PPDR Project

6.1.16.1 Operational Model

6.1.16.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.16.3 5G Pilot Deployment Summary

6.1.16.4 Key Applications

6.1.16.5 Cross-Border Collaboration With Hungary

6.1.16.6 Ongoing Rollout of Hybrid Government-Commercial LTE/5G-Ready Network

6.1.17 Russia's Secure 450 MHz LTE Network

6.1.17.1 Operational Model

6.1.17.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.17.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.17.4 Key Applications

6.1.17.5 Physical & Cybersecurity Measures to Address National Security Concerns

6.1.17.6 Integration With Russia's National Broadband Platform for Socially Critical Infrastructure

6.1.18 Qatar MOI's (Ministry of Interior) LTE Network

6.1.18.1 Operational Model

6.1.18.2 Integrators & Suppliers

6.1.18.3 Deployment Summary

6.1.18.4 Key Applications

6.1.18.5 Integration With the MOI's TETRA Network

6.1.18.6 Technology-Driven Security for the 2022 FIFA World Cup

6.2 Additional Case Studies of Public Safety LTE/5G Network & Service Rollouts

6.2.1 5G RuralDorset – Coastal Connectivity for First Responders

6.2.2 Abu Dhabi Police

6.2.3 Airbus' MXLINK

6.2.4 ALADIN (Advanced Low-Altitude Data Information System) Project

6.2.5 Bahia State Secretariat of Public Security

6.2.6 Ban Chang Smart City Private 5G Network

6.2.7 BLUnet Schweiz's BLU.swiss

6.2.8 Buenos Aires Hybrid TETRA-LTE System

6.2.9 California National Guard

6.2.10 City of Sendai

6.2.11 Cochabamba Safe City Project

6.2.12 Dublin Fire Brigade

6.2.13 Ecuador ECU-911

6.2.14 Føroya Tele's (Faroese Telecom) KIMA

6.2.15 Ghana's Integrated National Security Communications Network

6.2.16 Government of Barbados

6.2.17 Guangzhou Hybrid TETRA-5G Network

6.2.18 Halton-Peel Region PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network)

6.2.19 Hsinchu City Fire Department

6.2.20 IIJ (Internet Initiative Japan) Public Safety Mobile Service

6.2.21 Kenyan Police Service

6.2.22 KPN Critical Communications Platform

6.2.23 Lijiang Police

6.2.24 Lishui Municipal Emergency Management

6.2.25 Málaga Local Police

6.2.26 Zambian Ministry of Home Affairs and Internal Security

6.2.27 MPF (Mauritius Police Force)

6.2.28 MRC (Mobile Radio Center)

6.2.29 Nanjing Municipal Government

6.2.30 National Police of Colombia

6.2.31 Nedaa

6.2.32 New Zealand Police

6.2.33 Philippine Red Cross

6.2.34 PrioCom

6.2.35 PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority)

6.2.36 RESCAN (Canary Islands Network for Emergency and Security)

6.2.37 RIKS (State Infocommunication Foundation, Estonia)

6.2.38 Rivas Vaciamadrid City Council

6.2.39 ROP (Royal Oman Police)

6.2.40 São Paulo State Military Police

6.2.41 Shanghai Police Department

6.2.42 SPF (Singapore Police Force)

6.2.43 Swisscom Broadcast's Public Safety LTE Platform

6.2.44 Telstra LANES Emergency

6.2.45 Thales' Eiji

6.2.46 TWFRS (Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue Service)

6.2.47 UN (United Nations)

6.2.48 Verzion's Frontline Solutions

6.2.49 Vientiane Municipal Government

6.2.50 Wujiang Public Security Bureau

7 Chapter 7: Public Safety LTE/5G Spectrum Availability, Allocation & Usage

7.1 Frequency Bands for Public Safety LTE & 5G Networks

7.1.1 200 – 400 MHz

7.1.1.1 Japan's 170 – 202.5 MHz Band

7.1.1.2 380 – 400 MHz PPDR Band

7.1.1.3 Other Non-Traditional Frequency Bands

7.1.2 410 & 450 MHz

7.1.2.1 Bands 31, 72 & 73 (450 – 470 MHz)

7.1.2.2 Bands 87 & 88 (410 – 430 MHz)

7.1.3 600 MHz

7.1.3.1 470 – 694 MHz UHF Band

7.1.4 700 MHz

7.1.4.1 Band 14 (758 – 798 MHz)

7.1.4.2 Band 28 (703 – 803 MHz)

7.1.4.3 Band 68 (698 – 783 MHz)

7.1.4.4 Other 700 MHz Bands

7.1.5 800 MHz

7.1.5.1 Band 20 (791 – 862 MHz)

7.1.5.2 Band 26 (814 – 894 MHz)

7.1.5.3 Other 800 MHz Bands

7.1.6 900 MHz

7.1.6.1 Band 8 (880 – 960 MHz)

7.1.7 Mid-Band (1 – 6 GHz) Frequencies

7.1.7.1 1.4 – 1.9 GHz

7.1.7.2 2.3 – 2.4 GHz

7.1.7.3 2.5 – 2.6 GHz

7.1.7.4 3.3 – 3.8 GHz

7.1.7.5 3.8 – 4.2 GHz

7.1.7.6 4.6 – 4.9 GHz

7.1.7.7 5 – 6 GHz

7.1.7.8 Other Bands

7.1.8 High-Band mmWave (Millimeter Wave) Spectrum

7.1.8.1 26 GHz

7.1.8.2 28 GHz

7.1.8.3 37 GHz

7.1.8.4 60 GHz

7.1.8.5 Other Bands

7.2 North America

7.2.1 United States

7.2.2 Canada

7.3 Asia Pacific

7.3.1 Australia

7.3.2 New Zealand

7.3.3 China

7.3.4 Hong Kong

7.3.5 Taiwan

7.3.6 Japan

7.3.7 South Korea

7.3.8 Singapore

7.3.9 Malaysia

7.3.10 Indonesia

7.3.11 Thailand

7.3.12 Laos

7.3.13 Myanmar

7.3.14 India

7.3.15 Pakistan

7.3.16 Rest of Asia Pacific

7.4 Europe

7.4.1 United Kingdom

7.4.1.1 Great Britain

7.4.1.2 Northern Ireland

7.4.2 Republic of Ireland

7.4.3 France

7.4.4 Germany

7.4.5 Belgium

7.4.6 Netherlands

7.4.7 Switzerland

7.4.8 Austria

7.4.9 Italy

7.4.10 Spain

7.4.11 Portugal

7.4.12 Sweden

7.4.13 Norway

7.4.14 Denmark

7.4.15 Finland

7.4.16 Estonia

7.4.17 Czech Republic

7.4.18 Poland

7.4.19 Türkiye

7.4.20 Cyprus

7.4.21 Greece

7.4.22 Bulgaria

7.4.23 Romania

7.4.24 Hungary

7.4.25 Slovenia

7.4.26 Russia

7.4.27 Rest of Europe

7.5 Middle East & Africa

7.5.1 Saudi Arabia

7.5.2 United Arab Emirates

7.5.3 Qatar

7.5.4 Oman

7.5.5 Bahrain

7.5.6 Kuwait

7.5.7 Iraq

7.5.8 Jordan

7.5.9 Israel

7.5.10 Tunisia

7.5.11 South Africa

7.5.12 Botswana

7.5.13 Zambia

7.5.14 Kenya

7.5.15 Ethiopia

7.5.16 Uganda

7.5.17 Ghana

7.5.18 Rest of the Middle East & Africa

7.6 Latin & Central America

7.6.1 Brazil

7.6.2 Mexico

7.6.3 Argentina

7.6.4 Colombia

7.6.5 Chile

7.6.6 Ecuador

7.6.7 Bolivia

7.6.8 Barbados

7.6.9 Trinidad & Tobago

7.6.10 Rest of Latin & Central America

8 Chapter 8: Standardization, Regulatory & Collaborative Initiatives

8.1 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)

8.1.1 Release 11: HPUE (Power Class 1) for Band 14

8.1.2 Release 12: Early Mission-Critical Enablers – ProSe & GCSE

8.1.3 Release 13: MCPTT, IOPS & Further Enhancements

8.1.4 Release 14: Support for MCVideo & MCData Services

8.1.5 Release 15: MCX Refinements, 5G eMBB & Additional Operating Bands

8.1.6 Release 16: Further Evolution of MCX, 3GPP-LMR Interworking, Vertical Application Enablers & 5G URLLC

8.1.7 Release 17: MCX Over 5G, 5G MBS, MCIOPS, NTN Connectivity & 5G NR Sidelink Enhancements

8.1.8 Releases 18, 19 & Beyond: UE-to-UE Relays, VMRs, High-Density 5G MBS & Support for Less Than 5 MHz of Bandwidth

8.2 APCO (Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials) International

8.2.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Advocacy Efforts

8.2.2 ANS 2.106.1-2019: Standard for PSG (Public Safety Grade) Site Hardening Requirements

8.3 ASTRID

8.3.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.4 ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)

8.4.1 LMR-3GPP Interworking & Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.5 Australian Department of Home Affairs

8.5.1 Leading Australia's National PSMB (Public Safety Mobile Broadband) Program

8.6 BDBOS (Federal Agency for Public Safety Digital Radio, Germany)

8.6.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.7 BMWK (Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, Germany)

8.7.1 Standardization Efforts for Critical Communications Over 3GPP Networks

8.8 B-TrunC (Broadband Trunking Communication) Industry Alliance

8.8.1 B-TrunC Standard for LTE-Based Critical Communications

8.9 CATA (Canadian Advanced Technology Alliance)

8.9.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Advocacy Efforts

8.10 CITIG (Canadian Interoperability Technology Interest Group)

8.10.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Advocacy Efforts

8.11 DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada)

8.11.1 DRDC CSS (DRDC Centre for Security Science)

8.11.1.1 Participation in Canada's National PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Program

8.11.1.2 R&D Efforts in Public Safety & Military LTE/5G Networks

8.12 DSB (Directorate for Civil Protection, Norway)

8.12.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.13 Erillisverkot (State Security Networks Group, Finland)

8.13.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.14 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

8.14.1 TCCE (TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution) Technical Committee

8.14.1.1 Standards & Guidelines for Critical Communications Broadband & TETRA-3GPP Interworking

8.14.2 CTI (Center for Testing and Interoperability)

8.14.2.1 MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) Plugtests

8.14.3 Other Technical Committees & Critical Communications LTE/5G-Related Standards

8.15 FirstNet (First Responder Network) Authority

8.15.1 Overseeing the Buildout, Operation & Evolution of the FirstNet Public Safety Broadband Network

8.15.2 Standardization of Mission-Critical Features for 3GPP Technologies

8.15.3 Innovation & Test Lab

8.15.4 PSAC (Public Safety Advisory Committee)

8.16 French Ministry of Interior

8.16.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.17 GCF (Global Certification Forum)

8.17.1 Certification of LTE/5G Devices for Public Safety & Critical Communications Networks

8.18 United Kingdom Home Office

8.18.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.19 ICCRA (International Critical Control Rooms Alliance)

8.19.1 LTE/5G Support in Critical Control Room Interface Standards

8.20 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)

8.20.1 Standards & Protocols for Mission-Critical Services Over LTE & 5G Networks

8.21 IGOF (International Governmental Operators’ Forum)

8.21.1 Addressing Broadband-Related Issues in Critical Communications

8.22 ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

8.22.1 Participation in Canada's National PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Program

8.22.2 Regulation of Public Safety Broadband Spectrum

8.22.3 CRC (Communications Research Centre Canada)

8.22.3.1 Interoperability Research and Evaluation of Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

8.23 ITU (International Telecommunication Union)

8.23.1 Spectrum Harmonization for PPDR (Public Protection & Disaster Relief) Broadband Systems

8.23.2 Defining the Role of IMT-2020 to Support PPDR Applications

8.24 MCOP (Mission-Critical Open Platform)

8.24.1 Open Platform for the Development of Standards-Compliant MCPTT Applications

8.25 MCS-TaaSting (Mission-Critical Services – Testing-as-a-Service)

8.25.1 Flexible Testing Tools & Certification Procedures for 3GPP's MCX Standards

8.26 MOIS (Ministry of the Interior and Safety, South Korea)

8.26.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.27 National Police of the Netherlands

8.27.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Standardization Efforts

8.28 NCCOM (Nordic Critical Communication Operators Meeting)

8.28.1 Requirements for Rugged Devices & Other PPDR Broadband Capabilities

8.29 Nkom (Norwegian Communications Authority)

8.29.1 Standardization Efforts for Critical Communications Over 3GPP Networks

8.30 NSC (National Spectrum Consortium)

8.30.1 Enhancing Spectrum Superiority & 5G Capabilities for Federal Users

8.31 NSW (New South Wales) Telco Authority

8.31.1 Role in Australia's National PSMB (Public Safety Mobile Broadband) Program

8.32 OMA SpecWorks (Open Mobile Alliance)

8.32.1 PoC (PTT-over-Cellular): V1.04, V2.0 & V2.1

8.32.2 PCPS (Push-to-Communicate for Public Safety)

8.33 PIA (PSBN Innovation Alliance)

8.33.1 PSBN Governance in Canada's Ontario Province

8.34 PSBTA (Public Safety Broadband Technology Association)

8.34.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Activities

8.35 PSCE (Public Safety Communication Europe)

8.35.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization

8.35.2 BroadX Projects: Pan-European Interoperable Mobile Broadband for Public Safety

8.35.2.1 BroadMap (2016 – 2017): Specifications & Roadmap for Procurement

8.35.2.2 BroadWay (2018 – 2022): R&D/PCP (Pre-Commercial Procurement)

8.35.2.3 BroadNet (2023 & Beyond): Live Procurement and Sustainable Governance

8.35.3 Other Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Work

8.36 Public Safety Canada

8.36.1 Federal PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Task Team

8.36.2 TNCO (Temporary National Coordination Office) for Canada's National PSBN

8.37 Safe-Net Forum

8.37.1 Technical/Policy Guidance & Ecosystem Development for Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks

8.38 TCCA (The Critical Communications Association)

8.38.1 CCBG (Critical Communications Broadband Group)

8.38.2 BIG (Broadband Industry Group)

8.38.3 Future Technologies Group

8.39 TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)

8.39.1 TR-8.8: Subcommittee on Broadband Data Systems

8.39.1.1 Defining Requirements for LMR-3GPP Interworking & Critical Broadband Capabilities

8.40 TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea)

8.40.1 Functional Requirements, Testing & Certification for Public Safety LTE/5G Technologies

8.41 U.S. DHS (Department of Homeland Security)

8.41.1 S&T (Science and Technology) Directorate

8.41.1.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Projects

8.41.2 CISA (Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency)

8.41.2.1 SAFECOM: Best Practices for LMR-3GPP Integration

8.42 U.S. FCC (Federal Communications Commission)

8.42.1 PSHSB (Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau)

8.42.2 Endorsement of LTE as the Platform for 700 MHz Public Safety LTE Networks

8.42.3 Regulation of Public Safety Broadband Spectrum

8.42.4 Other Engagements Relevant to Public Safety LTE/5G

8.43 U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

8.43.1 CTL (Communications Technology Laboratory)

8.43.2 PSCR (Public Safety Communications Research): R&D Leadership for FirstNet

8.43.2.1 R&D, Testing & Evaluation of Technologies for Public Safety LTE/5G

8.44 U.S. NPSTC (National Public Safety Telecommunications Council)

8.44.1 Early Leadership in Public Safety LTE

8.44.2 Spectrum Management, LMR-3GPP Integration, Public Safety-Grade Systems & Other Work

8.45 U.S. NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration)

8.45.1 FirstNet Governance & Funding

8.45.2 Other Work Related to Public Safety LTE/5G Networks

8.46 Vendor-Led Alliances

8.46.1 Huawei's eLTE Industry Alliance

8.46.2 Nokia's Mission-Critical Communications Alliance

8.46.3 L3Harris' Mission Critical Alliance

8.47 Others

8.47.1 Government Agencies & National Regulators

8.47.2 Spectrum & Technology Innovation Industry Alliances

8.47.3 Regional & Country-Specific Associations

8.47.4 Academic Institutes, Research Centers & Labs

9 Chapter 9: Key Ecosystem Players

9.1 10T Tech

9.2 1NCE

9.3 1oT

9.4 4K Solutions

9.5 4RF

9.6 6Harmonics/6WiLInk

9.7 6WIND

9.8 7P (Seven Principles)

9.9 A Beep/Diga-Talk+

9.10 A1 Telekom Austria Group

9.11 A10 Networks

9.12 A5G Networks

9.13 AAEON Technology (ASUS – ASUSTeK Computer)

9.14 Aarna Networks

9.15 ABEL Mobilfunk

9.16 ABiT Corporation

9.17 ABS

9.18 Abside Networks

9.19 Accedian

9.20 AccelerComm

9.21 Accelink Technologies

9.22 Accelleran

9.23 Accenture

9.24 Accton Technology Corporation

9.25 Accuver (InnoWireless)

9.26 ACE Technologies

9.27 AceAxis

9.28 AceTel (Ace Solutions)

9.29 Achronix Semiconductor Corporation

9.30 ACOME

9.31 Actelis Networks

9.32 Action Technologies (Shenzhen Action Technologies)

9.33 Actiontec Electronics

9.34 Active911

9.35 Actus Networks

9.36 Adax

9.37 Adcor Magnet Systems

9.38 ADI (Analog Devices, Inc.)

9.39 ADLINK Technology

9.40 ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)

9.41 ADT

9.42 Adtran

9.43 Advanced Energy Industries

9.44 AdvanceTec Industries

9.45 Advantech

9.46 Advantech Wireless Technologies (Baylin Technologies)

9.47 Aegex Technologies

9.48 Aerial Applications

9.49 Aeris

9.50 Aerostar International

9.51 Aethertek

9.52 Affarii Technologies

9.53 Affirmed Networks (Microsoft Corporation)

9.54 AFL Global

9.55 AFRY

9.56 Agile (Agile Interoperable Solutions)

9.57 AGIS (Advanced Ground Information Systems)

9.58 AGM Mobile

9.59 AH NET (MVM NET)

9.60 AI-LINK

9.61 AINA Wireless

9.62 Airbus/SLC (Secure Land Communications)

9.63 Airfide Networks

9.64 Airgain

9.65 AirHop Communications

9.66 Airlinq

9.67 Airspan Networks

9.68 Airtower Networks

9.69 Airwavz Solutions

9.70 AIS (Advanced Info Service)

9.71 AiVader

9.72 Akamai Technologies

9.73 Akoustis Technologies

9.74 Alaxala Networks Corporation (Fortinet)

9.75 ALBEDO Telecom

9.76 albis-elcon (UET – United Electronic Technology)

9.77 Alcadis

9.78 Alea (Leonardo)

9.79 Alef (Alef Edge)

9.80 Alepo

9.81 Alibaba Group

9.82 Aliniant

9.83 Allbesmart

9.84 Allen Vanguard Wireless

9.85 Allerio

9.86 Allied Telesis

9.87 Allot

9.88 Alpha Networks

9.89 Alpha Wireless

9.90 Alsatis Réseaux

9.91 Altaeros

9.92 Altair Semiconductor (Sony Semiconductor Israel)

9.93 ALTÁN Redes

9.94 Altice Group

9.95 ALVIS (Argentina)

9.96 AM Telecom

9.97 Amantya Technologies

9.98 Amarisoft

9.99 Amazon/AWS (Amazon Web Services)

9.100 Ambra Solutions-ECOTEL

9.101 AMD (Advanced Micro Devices)

9.102 Amdocs

9.103 América Móvil

9.104 American Tower Corporation

9.105 AMI (American Megatrends International)

9.106 AMIT Wireless

9.107 Ampere Computing

9.108 Amphenol Corporation

9.109 Ampleon

9.110 Amtele Communication

9.111 Andesat

9.112 ANDRO Computational Solutions

9.113 Anktion (Fujian) Technology

9.114 Anokiwave

9.115 Anritsu

9.116 ANS – Advanced Network Services (Charge Enterprises)

9.117 Antenna Company

9.118 Antevia Networks

9.119 Antna Antenna Technology

9.120 Aorotech

9.121 Apple

9.122 APRESIA Systems

9.123 APSTAR (APT Satellite Company)

9.124 APT (Asia Pacific Telecom)

9.125 aql

9.126 Aquila (Suzhou Aquila Solutions)

9.127 Aqura Technologies (Telstra Purple)

9.128 Arabsat

9.129 Arcadyan Technology Corporation (Compal Electronics)

9.130 Archos

9.131 Arctic Semiconductor (Formerly SiTune Corporation)

9.132 Arete M

9.133 Argela

9.134 ArgoNET

9.135 Aria Networks

9.136 Arista Networks

9.137 Arkessa (Wireless Logic Group)

9.138 Arm

9.139 Armour Communications

9.140 Arqit Quantum

9.141 ArrayComm (Chengdu ArrayComm Wireless Technologies)

9.142 Arrcus

9.143 Artemis Networks

9.144 Artiza Networks

9.145 Aruba (HPE – Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

9.146 Arukona

9.147 Asavie

9.148 ASELSAN

9.149 AsiaInfo Technologies

9.150 AsiaSat (Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company)

9.151 Askey Computer Corporation (ASUS – ASUSTeK Computer)

9.152 ASOCS

9.153 Aspire Technology (NEC Corporation)

9.154 ASR Microelectronics

9.155 AST SpaceMobile

9.156 ASTELLA (Astella Technologies)

9.157 ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)

9.158 ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)

9.159 Asylon

9.160 AT&T

9.161 ATDI

9.162 ATEL (Asiatelco Technologies)

9.163 Atel Antennas

9.164 Atesio

9.165 Athonet (HPE – Hewlett Packard Enterprise)

9.166 ATL – A Test Lab (Eurofins E&E – Electrical and Electronics)

9.167 Atlas Telecom

9.168 ATN International

9.169 Atos

9.170 Atrinet

9.171 AttoCore

9.172 Auden Techno

9.173 Auray Technology (Auden Techno)

9.174 Avanti Communications

9.175 Avari Wireless

9.176 AVI

9.177 Aviat Networks

9.178 AVIWEST (Haivision)

9.179 AVM

9.180 AW2S – Advanced Wireless Solutions and Services (SERMA Group)

9.181 AWTG

9.182 AXESS Networks (HISPASAT)

9.183 Axians (VINCI Energies)

9.184 Axiata Group

9.185 Axione

9.186 Axis Communications

9.187 Axon

9.188 Axtel

9.189 Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)

9.190 Axxcss Wireless Solutions

9.191 Azcom Technology

9.192 Azetti Networks

9.193 B+B SmartWorx (Advantech)

9.194 BAE Systems

9.195 Baicells

9.196 Ball Aerospace

9.197 Ballast Networks

9.198 BandRich

9.199 BandwidthX

9.200 Barrett Communications (Motorola Solutions)

9.201 BATS Wireless (Broadband Antenna Tracking Systems)

9.202 BAYFU (Bayerische Funknetz)

9.203 Baylin Technologies

9.204 BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)

9.205 BBK Electronics

9.206 BCDVideo

9.207 Beam Semiconductor

9.208 Beamlink

9.209 BearCom

9.210 BEC Technologies (Billion Electric)

9.211 becon

9.212 Beeper Communications

9.213 Beijer Electronics Group

9.214 Belden

9.215 BelFone

9.216 Bell Canada

9.217 Bellantenna

9.218 Benetel

9.219 BesoVideo

9.220 Betacom

9.221 Bharti Airtel

9.222 BHE (Bonn Hungary Electronics)

9.223 BICS (Proximus)

9.224 BinnenBereik (NOVEC)

9.225 Bird Technologies

9.226 BISDN (Berlin Institute for Software Defined Networks)

9.227 Bittium

9.228 BK Technologies

9.229 Black & Veatch

9.230 Black Box

9.231 BlackBerry

9.232 Blackned

9.233 BLiNQ Networks (CCI – Communication Components Inc.)

9.234 Blu Wireless

9.235 Blue Arcus Technologies

9.236 Blue Wireless

9.237 Bluebird

9.238 Blueforce Development Corporation

9.239 BLUnet Schweiz (Axpo WZ-Systems)

9.240 Boeing/Aurora Flight Sciences

9.241 Boelink (Shanghai Boelink Communication Technology)

9.242 Boingo Wireless (DigitalBridge Group)

9.243 Boldyn Networks (Formerly BAI Communications)

9.244 Booz Allen Hamilton

9.245 Boston Dynamics

9.246 Bouygues Telecom

9.247 Boxchip

9.248 Branch Communications

9.249 BravoCom

9.250 Bredengen

9.251 Broadcom

9.252 BroadForward

9.253 Broadmobi – Shanghai Broadmobi Communication Technology (Wutong Group)

9.254 Broadpeak

9.255 Broadtech

9.256 BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited)

9.257 BT Group

9.258 BTI Wireless

9.259 Bullitt Mobile

9.260 Bumicom Telecommunicatie

9.261 Bureau Veritas/7Layers

9.262 BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems)

9.263 BWT (BlueWaveTel)

9.264 B-Yond

9.265 C Spire

9.266 C Squared Systems

9.267 C3Spectra

9.268 CableFree (Wireless Excellence)

9.269 CableLabs

9.270 CACI International/LGS Innovations

9.271 Cadence Design Systems

9.272 CalAmp

9.273 CalChip Connect

9.274 Caliber Public Safety

9.275 Calix

9.276 Calnex Solutions

9.277 Caltta Technologies

9.278 Cambium Networks

9.279 Cambridge Consultants (Capgemini Invent)

9.280 CampusGenius

9.281 Canoga Perkins

9.282 Canonical

9.283 Capgemini Engineering

9.284 CapX Nederland

9.285 Carbyne

9.286 Casa Systems

9.287 CASIC (China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation)

9.288 Casio Computer Company

9.289 Castor Marine

9.290 Catalyst Communications Technologies

9.291 Cavli Wireless

9.292 CBNG (Cambridge Broadband Networks Group)

9.293 CCI (Communication Components Inc.)

9.294 CCN (Cirrus Core Networks)

9.295 CCww (Communications Consultants Worldwide)

9.296 Cegeka

9.297 CeLa Link Corporation

9.298 Celfinet (Cyient)

9.299 CellAntenna Corporation

9.300 Cellcomm Solutions

9.301 Cellient

9.302 Celling 5G

9.303 CellMax Technologies (Rosenberger)

9.304 Cellnex Telecom

9.305 Cellwize (Qualcomm)

9.306 cellXica

9.307 cellXion

9.308 Celona

9.309 CelPlan Technologies

9.310 Centerline Communications

9.311 CENTRA Technology

9.312 CentralSquare Technologies

9.313 Ceragon Networks

9.314 Cerillion

9.315 CertusNet

9.316 CETC (China Electronics Technology Group Corporation)

9.317 CEVA

9.318 CGI

9.319 Challenge Networks (Vocus)

9.320 Charter Communications

9.321 Cheerzing (Xiamen Cheerzing IoT Technology)

9.322 Chelton

9.323 Chemring Technology Solutions

9.324 Chengdu NTS

9.325 China All Access

9.326 China Mobile

9.327 China Satcom (China Satellite Communications)

9.328 China Telecom

9.329 China Unicom

9.330 Chunghwa Telecom

9.331 Cibicom

9.332 CICT – China Information and Communication Technology Group (China Xinke Group)

9.333 Ciena Corporation

9.334 CIG (Cambridge Industries Group)

9.335 CIO (Connected IO)

9.336 Cirpack

9.337 Cisco Systems

9.338 Citymesh (Cegeka/DIGI Communications)

9.339 CitySwitch

9.340 CKH IOD (CK Hutchison)

9.341 Clavister

9.342 Clear-Com (HME)

9.343 Clever Logic

9.344 CloudMinds

9.345 CMIoT (China Mobile IoT)

9.346 Cobham

9.347 COCUS

9.348 Codan Communications

9.349 Codium Networks

9.350 Cogisys

9.351 Cognizant

9.352 Cohere Technologies

9.353 Coherent (Formerly II-VI)

9.354 Coherent Logix

9.355 Coiler Corporation

9.356 Collinear Networks (EOS – Electro Optic Systems)

9.357 Collins Aerospace (RTX Corporation)

9.358 Colt Technology Services

9.359 Com4 (Wireless Logic Group)

9.360 Comarch

9.361 Comba Telecom

9.362 Combain Mobile

9.363 Comcast Corporation

9.364 Comcores

9.365 Comfone

9.366 COMLAB

9.367 CommAgility (E-Space)

9.368 CommandWear Systems

9.369 Commnet Wireless (ATN International)

9.370 Comms365

9.371 CommScope

9.372 Compal Electronics

9.373 Comprod

9.374 Comptek Technologies (Aero Wireless Group)

9.375 Comrod Communication Group

9.376 COMSovereign

9.377 Comtech Telecommunications Corporation

9.378 Comtrend Corporation

9.379 Comviva (Tech Mahindra)

9.380 CONET Technologies

9.381 CONEXIO Corporation

9.382 CONGIV (ROBUR Industry Service Group)

9.383 Connect Tech

9.384 Connect44 Group

9.385 Connectivity Wireless Solutions (M/C Partners)

9.386 Consort Digital

9.387 Contela

9.388 Coolpad

9.389 CopaSAT

9.390 coreNOC

9.391 Cornerstone (CTIL)

9.392 Cornet Technology

9.393 Corning

9.394 Cortina Access

9.395 Cosemi Technologies

9.396 COSMOTE (OTE Group)

9.397 Council Rock

9.398 Coweaver

9.399 Cox Communications

9.401 Creanord

9.402 CrisisGo

9.403 CROSSCALL

9.404 Crown Castle International Corporation

9.405 CS Corporation

9.406 CSG Systems International

9.407 CTG (Celestia Technologies Group)

9.408 CTL

9.409 CTS (Communication Technology Services)

9.410 CTS Corporation

9.411 Cubic Corporation

9.412 Cubic Telecom

9.413 Cumucore

9.414 Custom MMIC

9.415 CybertelBridge

9.416 Cyient

9.417 Cyrus Technology

9.418 D2 Technologies

9.419 DAEL Group

9.420 Dahua Technology

9.421 Dali Wireless

9.422 DAMM Cellular Systems

9.423 DATACOM

9.424 DataSoft

9.425 DBcom

9.426 dbSpectra

9.427 DeepSig

9.428 Dejero Labs

9.429 DEKRA

9.430 Dell Technologies

9.431 Delta Electronics

9.432 DENGYO (Nihon Dengyo Kosaku)

9.433 Dense Air (SIP – Sidewalk Infrastructure Partners)

9.434 DGS (Digital Global Systems)

9.435 Dialogic

9.436 Diamond Communications

9.437 Digi International

9.438 Digicert

9.439 Digita (DigitalBridge Group)

9.440 Digital Ally

9.441 Digital Enhancement

9.442 DigitalBridge Group

9.443 DigitalRoute

9.444 Digitata

9.445 DigitGate (Nanjing DigitGate Communication Technology)

9.446 Dimetor

9.447 DISH Network Corporation

9.448 DKK (Denki Kogyo)

9.449 D-Link Corporation

9.450 Doodle Labs

9.451 Doogee

9.452 Doosan Corporation

9.453 DragonWave-X (COMSovereign)

9.454 Drakontas

9.455 DriveNets

9.456 Drone Aviation (COMSovereign)

9.457 DroneSense

9.458 Druid Software

9.459 DSBJ (Suzhou Dongshan Precision Manufacturing)

9.460 DT (Deutsche Telekom)

9.461 DTAC (Total Access Communication)

9.462 du (EITC – Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company)

9.463 Duons

9.464 Durabook (Twinhead International Corporation)

9.465 Duubee

9.466 DZS

9.467 Eahison Communication

9.468 EANTC

9.469 Eastcom (Eastern Communications)

9.470 Easycom (Shenzhen Easycom Electronics)

9.471 E-Band Communications (Axxcss Wireless Solutions)

9.472 e-BO Enterprises

9.473 ECE (European Communications Engineering)

9.474 EchoStar Corporation

9.475 Ecom Instruments (Pepperl+Fuchs)

9.476 Ecrio

9.477 Edgecore Networks (Accton Technology Corporation)

9.478 EdgeQ

9.479 Edgybees

9.480 edotco Group (Axiata Group)